106 EAIiL DE GREY'S ADDRESS. [May 28, 18G0. 



" Taking, with Dove, north-east and south-west as the ' wind- 

 poles,* all intermediate directions are more or less assimilated to 

 the characteristics of those extremes ; while all the variations of 

 pressure, many of those caused by temperature, and all varieties of 

 winds, may be clearly and directly traced to the operations of two 

 great normal currents — equatorial or tropical, and polar." 



Young travellers, and more particularly intending voyagers, may 

 find this subject systematically, though popularly treated, according 

 to the views of Herschel and Dove, in recent publications of the 

 Board of Trade.* 



America. 



Arctic. — The award of the Founder's and Patron's Medal to Lady 

 Franklin and Sir L. M'Clintock by the Council of this Society, and 

 their reasons for coming to this conclusion, dispense with my 

 entering into as much detail as would otherwise be required in that 

 portion of my present review which relates to the Arctic regions. 



It is no small satisfaction to me, however, to have to record in 

 the annals of the Society, during the year of my Presidentship, 

 such remarkable events as the solution of the fate of the Erebus and 

 1 error, through the efforts of Captain M'Clintock and his officers, 

 and the revelation of the discoveries of Franklin by the attainment 

 of the only written document which has rewarded the search during 

 a period of twelve years. This document, buried thirteen years 

 ago in a spot so lonely that not even the feet of the wandering 

 Esquimaux ever approached it, has crowned the latest of the Arctic 

 expeditions with a success and a renown which the preceding ones 

 perhaps equally merited, but were not so fortimate as to obtain. In 

 combination with other memorials which fell under the notice 

 of the exploring parties from the Fox, this rustworn, tattered, 

 but precious document leads us to believe that our unfortunate 

 countrymen, the pioneers and the martyrs of the last decade of 

 Arctic exploration, perished in the accomplishment of their mission 

 and placed the keystone into that wide arch, built up at intervals 

 during many generations, which connects the Atlantic and Pacific 

 Oceans. In giving to the Franklin Expedition the honour of being 

 the fiwst discoverers of a North- West Passage, it needs not to be 

 explained that there is scarcely an individual name known in Arctic 



* Sold at the cost of paper and printing only, by the Government agent, 

 otter, in the Poultry, London. 



Potter, 



Mr. 



