188 EARL DE GREY'S ADDRESS. [May 28, 1860. 



ducts, bears no small resemblance to Switzerland. The authors of 

 these able contributions towards our better knowledge of Kash- 

 mir are two gentlemen connected with the celebrated Trigono- 

 metrical Survey of India, begun by Lambton, carried forward by 

 Everest, and now about to be brought to a conclusion by Waugh, 

 after sixty years' indefatigable and skilful labour. We can form to 

 ourselves some notion of the difficulties encountered in the Hima- 

 layan portion of this vast undertaking, when I state that, out of 

 the sixteen principal stations of the Survey, fourteen were 16,000 

 feet above the level of the sea, and two 18,000 — that is, 3252 feet 

 higher than Mont Blanc. Our best thanks are due to the authors 

 of these papers, Captain H. Godwin Austen and Mr. William H. 

 Purdon. 



Before quitting the subject of Hindustan, I may bring under 

 your notice the extent of our dominion in that region ; and this I 

 do on the authority of Colonel Waugh, the Surveyor-General of 

 India. Our own territory amounts, in round numbers, to 800,000 

 square miles, and that of our tributaries to 500,000 ; the aggregate 

 of these sums forming a country six-fold greater than Imperial 

 France, and twelve times the extent of our own islands. You will 

 allow me to congratulate you on the restoration of tranquillity to 

 this vast empire, and the total suppression of an insurrection of 

 unheard-of extent, in which deeds of constancy and valour have 

 been exhibited by our countrymen, and, indeed, also by our 

 countrywomen, which have elevated the national character. We 

 have even already, and within three short years of the Sove- 

 reign's direct assumption of the governnient of our great de- 

 pendency, evidence of advancing prosperity in the increase of 

 commerce, the great bond which unites peoples to each other. 

 Exclusive of a large trade with other nations, we ourselves received 

 from India, in the last year to which the returns have been com- 

 pleted (1858), merchandise, many articles of which were unknown 

 to our forefathers, to the value of from fifteen to sixteen millions 

 (15,742,528/.), an increase in five years* time of above four millions 

 (4,308,117?.). Exclusive of eleven millions' worth of gold and 

 silver, we sent the people of India merchandise in the same year 

 to above eighteen millions' worth (18,387,588/.), being an increase 

 in five years of near eight millions (7,948,487/.), or of 76 per cent. 

 The greater part of our exports consisted of British manufactures 

 of which, half a century ago, it was supposed the Hindus were in- 

 capable of becoming consumers. 



