MAY 2g, I860.] HOLLAND— BELGIUM-FRAKCE. 201 



Austria. — A map of Dalmatia is near completion, as also one of 

 Hungary and Galicia. 



Turkey. — A map in 6 sheets, scale y-o-.Vo-ttj of Wallachia, is at 

 present being engraved at the Military Geographical Institute of 

 Vienna: it is a reduction of the survey made by the Austrian 

 officers in 1856-7. 



From Major J. Stokes, r.e., we have received an important paper, 

 accompanied by a map, on which is marked with great precision 

 the present state of the mouths of the Danube, with off-shore sound- 

 ings. The writer compares this map with others of earlier date, 

 and clearly shows how the various delta has been formed; how 

 some passages have been silted up, and the deep-water channels 

 opened out in other directions ; that the debris of the soil, brought 

 down the river at different periods from the interior, is first de- 

 posited on the coast, shoaling thus the water around the various 

 mouths, until, by the accumulation of strata upon strata, it appears 

 above water, through which the river forces its way, forming islands 

 with tortuous channels, and the whole coast-line is gradually carried 

 seaward. 



Holland. — Six sheets have this year been added to the large map 

 of Holland, on the scale tf.Vito- or 1 rV inch to the mile, making 

 24 sheets published out of 62, of which the map will consist when 

 complete.* 



Belgium. — Since our last anniversary, several excellent maps 

 have been received from Belgium, especially those by our associate, 

 M. Yander Maelen ; of which the principal are, the provinces of 

 Brabant, Hainault, Liege, Luxemburg, and Namur : all of these 

 maps are on the scale of 1 J inch to a mile, and are well adapted for 

 the use of travellers, as they exhibit the various railways, roads, 

 and water communications. 



France. — During the past year the hydrographic surveyors, under 

 the late eminent engineer, M. Vincendon Dumoulin, have been 

 employed on the coasts of Spain, Sardinia, and the west coast of 

 Italy, and several sheets of these surveys have been published by 

 the Depot de la Marine. 



Of Spain, the south-west coast has been completed ; of Sardinia, 

 two sheets of the coast between Nice and Genoa have been 

 published, which completes the survey of the coast of Liguria, 

 under the direction of M. Daroudeans, who has also surveyed and 

 published a beautiful chart of the Lipari Isles. 



* See also page 135. 



