ON VARIOUS POINTS OF THE ONYMATIC SYSTEM. 



487 



assertions in time for me to present his whole case in this addition. In reply' he is jocose 

 upon the idea of posterity knowing anything about the matter. He may think, as perhaps 

 many do, that the whole question is about Hamilton and myself; I, from the beginning, in 

 1847, have never considered it in this light. I believe, and I am joined by many reflecting 

 persons, among students both of logic and of mathematics, that as the increasing number of those 

 who attend to both becomes larger and larger still, a serious discussion will arise upon the 

 connexion of the two great branches of exact science, the study of the necessary laws of thought, 

 the study of the necessary matter of thought. The severance which has been widening ever 

 since physical philosophy discovered how to make mathematics her own especial instrument 

 will be examined, and the history of it will be written. A great contest of that future day 

 will be seen to have had its origin in our day ; the details of the controversy which began in 

 1847 will be sought for as matters of its early history; the questions which have arisen 

 between Hamilton and myself will be renewed between writers who will have a small public 

 versed in both sciences to judge them. Let all else end how it may, it is clear that the great 

 change to which Hamilton's name must be attached, the expressed quantification of the predi- 

 cate, must have its history. To every one of our day his own opinion as to how the questions 

 will be settled, or as to whether they will ever be settled at all : but I find that the reflecting 

 of all sides are prescient of a discussion to come. Among them I doubt not I may place the 

 administrators of our Society for the last twelve years : I cannot in any other way explain 

 the publicity given by them to the controversial parts of this series of papers. While such 

 anticipations exist among so large a number of thinking men, there is no reason to quail 

 before those who joke the jokes which are stereotyped against all who avow that they take 

 posterity into their calculations: there is as good a retort, not quite so commonplace. I have 

 over them this undeniable advantage : if right, I shall be known to have been right ; if 

 wrong, I shall not be known to have been wrong, 



A. DE MORGAN. 



December 26, 1863. 



' Mr Baynes derives innocent amusement from the words 

 "scientific quarto." It may be worth while to inform those 

 who do not know it that the scientific transactions are, almost 

 without exception, printed in quarto form ; while separate 

 works are almost always in octavo. Hence a reference to quarto 

 is — in the United Kingdom — rapidly coming to mean allu.sion 

 til publication in one of the sets of transactions. I have, a 

 hundred times, heard such a plirase as " That is not in his 

 work ; that is in the cjuarto memoir ;" meaning that the author 

 had not published in his separate writing something he had 

 previously given in a memoir inserted in the transactions of 

 some scientific body. 1 fell into the phrase " scientific quarto " 

 as briefer than "transactions of a scientific body." It may 

 be useful to foreigners, who have more separate writings in 

 quarto than ourselves, to notice this growing idiom of our 

 language. 



Addition to page 18. From the list of those who lay down 

 nothing but exemplar readings Keckermann must be excluded. 

 His universals are all laid down in the singular (except cuncti), 

 and his particulars all in the plural (except nan nemo). And 

 these are employed, for the most part, in his instances of syllo- 

 gism ; universals in the singular, particulars in the plural. 

 But Ramus may be added to the exemplar list. 1 also find 

 that quidam is not so uniformly excluded as Mr Spalding sup- 

 posed: Stahl and Keckermann both give it. 



Addition to page 43. The restricted readings may be easily 

 connected with the peculiar pairs in page 30, in which pp goes 

 with (•), )(; vw with )•(, ( ); pw with ((, )•); wp with )),(•(. 

 Take the secondary and concluding relation from any case in 

 which restrictions exist ; the letters to which they are attached 

 in the last sentence point out the restricted readings. Thus 

 ().((, giving )■( and (•(, has vno and wp for restricted readings: 

 )(■))> giving )•), (.), has /)u>,pp, restricted. 



Vol. X. Part II. 



62 



