64 NOTES UPON THE GULF OF PECHELI, [Nov. 22, 1858. 



By the next mail I hope to be able to send my notes on the Gulf 

 of Pecheli, the Peiho, and the commercial and political advantages 

 likely to accrue from Lord Elgin having succeeded in inducing the 

 Chinese to open the port of Neu-chong in Shingking province, the 

 seaport of Moukden, capital of Manchuria. 



The map of China, by Mr. Williams, published by Mr. Atv^ood 

 of New York, contains a better general view of China than any now 

 published ; but, for particular districts, those published by Mr. 

 Arrowsmith of Soho Square, one of which, embracing nearly all the 

 region upon which I have touched in this paper, lies before me, 

 and, except in nomenclature, is wonderfully correct, and, although 

 not acknowledged, is evidently the basis of the map by Williams. 



Part II. 



Notes^ Geographical and Commercial, upon the Gulf of Pecheli and the 

 Peiho River.* 



Before entering on a description of the Gulf, and turning my back 

 finally upon the Strait of Mia-tao, it is right that I should say that 

 it affords the only really secure anchorage, in a seaman's acceptance 

 of the term, between Shantung Point and the bar of the Peiho river. 

 A glance at the chart will show how the islands to the north, the 

 sandspit of Chang-shan to the east, the coast of Shantung to the 

 south, and the shoals of Teng-chow-fu Point to the west, shield the 

 roadstead of Mia-tao on every side from the seas adjacent, whilst 

 vessels desirous of seeking a still quieter spot for discharging cargo 

 and repairing damages, have but to anchor between the islands of 

 Mia-tao and Chang-shan. The bottom throughout is mud, or mud 

 and sand ; depths to be found at choice from 7 to 4 fathoms. The 

 islands are inhabited ; fresh water is abundant, and such supplies 

 as may be needed and they do not afford, may be easily procured 

 from Teng-chow-fu, only 5 miles distant. If, as I fully anticipate, 

 a few short years hence this anchorage be much frequented by 

 European shipping, it will be the seaport, so to speak, of Teng- 

 chow-fu, and a colony of all those who live by, and live upon, 

 the merchant, ship-master, and ship-owner will be rapidly formed on 

 either Mia-tao or Chang-shan. 



♦ See the 2nd Vol. of the "Proceedings" R. G. S. at p. 302, for an extract 

 from Captain R. Woodbine Parish, r,a., Notes upon the Passage up the Peiho 

 with Lord Macartney in 1793. — Ed. 



