306 Illustrations of the Manupeda, or 



Type Manupeda, (Quadrumana Anthropomorpha). Four hand-like feet ; 

 all the paws fitted equally for prehension and progression ; 

 not well suited for walking on the earth, or for maintaining an 

 upright posture. Orbits enclosed from the temporal fossae. 

 Three sorts of teeth. Pectoral mammae. 



Races, Pithecat^, (Simia, Apes, Baboons, Monkeys, Sagoins, and 

 Howlers). Four opposed incisors in each jaw, all the nails flat. 



Arctopithecat^, (Ouistitis). Teeth as in the former; nails 

 claw-like, except the hinder thumbs ; thumbs so little sepa- 

 rated as scarcely to be quadrumanous. 



Odontipithecat^, (Lemur). Teeth irregular, upper incisors not 

 opposed to lower ; two middle upper incisors separated ; nails 

 all flat, except hind index, which is claw-like ; thumbs widely 

 separated from the other digits ; nostrils sinuated. 



PiTHECATJE, Monichrace, or Monkey-race. 



Kinds, Simiadse, Apes. Facial angle 65°— 50°; teeth 32, grinders 

 20 ; OS hyoides, liver, and caecum like man ; no callosi- 

 ties ? no pouches ? 



Papionidae, Baboons. F. a. 40°— 30°; hence protruded 

 jaws ; 32 teeth, 20 grinders, last molars 5 — 7 tubercles ; 

 callosities, pouches; tail generally short, sometimes 

 obsolete. 



Cercopithedae, Monkeys (common), Guenons. F. a. 50°— 

 40° ; teeth as baboons and apes, only 4 tubercles on last 

 molars ; pouches, callosities ; tail generally long, always 

 lax. 



Geopithedae, Sagoins. F. a. about 60°; teeth 36, 24 

 grinders ; no pouches, no callosities ; tail lax, or nearly 

 so. 



Stentoridae (Helopithedae), Howlers. F. a. 60° -30°; 

 teeth as former ; no pouches, no callosities ; tail pre- 

 hensile. 



Arctopithecat^, Titirace. 



Titidae, or Ouistitidae, the only admitted kind, formed of 

 two genera, &c. vide Table. Cheirogaleus may not 

 impossibly belong to this race; further observations 

 must decide. 



Odontipithecat^, Lemurace. 



Indridae ? Indris. Incisors equal in number in each jaw ; 



tarsus proportionable. 

 Lemuridae, Makis. Most incisors in lower jaw ; tarsus 



proportionable. 

 Tarsidae, Spectres. Most incisors in upper jaw ; tibia longer 



than femur ; tarsus triple the length of metatarsus. 



