the Structure of Language . 173 



In like manner, if we take the primary biliteral l^D (CS), and 

 if we substitute for its final letter t^, the cognate (or similarly- 

 sounded) letter D (S or Sh), we construct the secondary biliteral 

 DJ, which has the same import. So if, taking the same primary 

 biliteral, we substitute for its first, or palatine letter 3, some 

 other palatine, as p or X we still get a biliteral endowed with the 

 same import ; thus ti^p, and 1^11, possess the import of U^D. So 

 by exchanging the first letter of this primary biliteral for the 

 palatine aspirate H, and the final letter for its cognate D, we con- 

 struct the biliteral DH, which is endowed with the full import of 

 ^2. From the primary biliteral t^^D, then, are formed the 

 secondary biliterals DD, ti^p, U^^, and DH. 



So from the primary biliteral S]D (CP), we construct (by sub- 

 stitution of some other palatine for the palatine D ) the secondary 

 biliterals S]p, ^H, ^^ ; and (by substitution also of the labial 2 

 for its cognate S)) the secondary biliterals 2p, 3rT^ 2^ ; each of 

 these secondary biliterals being dependent for its import upon 

 the primary biliteral 5)D. 



Secondary biliterals are formed from other primary biliteral 

 derivatives of D in a similar manner, but the enumeration of 

 these would extend this paper to too great a length. 



Triliterals are formed from primary and secondary biliterals 

 in three ways. First, by affixing to the biliteral some formative 

 letter, (thus i^b2 and n^3 and Q^D are formed from ^J ; 3Z0p, 

 2)ip, and 3iin, from \fip, VPj> Y^ ; "Jt^P from Wp ;) or, by re- 

 peating the final letter (as bb2 from ^2 ; 5^33 from P|D.) Se- 

 condly, by inserting a formative letter (as br)2 from ^2, ]Ti2 

 from p, t^^D from ]D2.) Thirdly, by prefixing a formative 

 (as '^D^ "^Di, "73?^, from '^D). Such are the simple modes in 

 which triliterals are constructed from biliterals. 



The observations which have been made respecting the con- 

 struction of secondary biliterals from primary biliterals, by sub- 

 stitution of letter or letters of similar phonic character, apply 

 also to triliterals. Thus a triliteral which has been constructed 

 from any biliteral (whether primary or secondary) may have one 

 or more of its letters exchanged for some other letter or letters of 

 similar phonic character ; and, in this way (as we observed when 

 treating of the construction of secondary biliterals) is formed o, 



