436 



Mr PHEAR, ON THE GEOLOGY OF SOME PARTS OF SUFFOLK, 



the same red and white sand as the Stoke hills : the flank of this valley is very abrupt and 

 cut into deep hollows, the upper part shews the sand very evidently, but at a certain small dis- 

 tance down (say 30 or 40 feet) a regular line of springs and ponds manifest themselves, pro- 

 bably indicating the junction with the London clay, or still more likely with the red crag, which 

 exhibits itself in a pit close by, in an unusually hard and concrete state. 



Of the interval between Stoke and Blakenham I know but little; but in the neighbourhood 

 of the latter place the line of cliffs or abrupt elevation is marked in many places ; and I believe 

 that universally the ground between this line and the bottom of the valley is chalk, the line 

 itself is generally sand or gravel, whilst at a short distance down the drift-clay sets in. The 

 Offton valley, which is celebrated for its chalk-pits, would probably afford illustrations of the 

 same arrangement. 



Between Darmsden Chapel and Baylham Church a dry lateral hollow runs up, the sketch 

 of which is given by fig. (8) ; its sides, Fig. (8). 



which are most cliff-like, are covered with 

 wood, and offer no section, but they seem to 

 be sandy. They apparently correspond ex- 

 actly in the level of their base with the line 

 at Shrubland on the opposite side of the Gipping. 



At the right-hand shoulder, A, entering this hollow is an old chalk-pit giving a section of 

 about half the height of the cliff, at the top of which is a mass of large pebbles and sand. 

 Just above the top of (A) in the still rising ground is an old marl-pit, which seems to be 

 a brownish blue drift-clay, and certainly a little further back the soil is the heaviest drift-clay. 



Between Darmsden and Needham is a gravel-pit, whose situation, when viewed from the 

 opposite Creeting sand-hills, is seen to be in a certain ill-defined line of abruptness, which is a 

 continuation of the preceding, and extends up both sides of the Barking valley, where it again 

 changes into well-marked cliffs, covered with woods. Just below this line is Mount's chalk- 

 pit, and others occur in similar situations towards Barking. This gravel has the same 

 characteristics as the No. (2) of fig. (7), and is quite undistinguishable from it : whether it 

 rests upon sand or not cannot be seen ; but just below occurs, in a cutting of the E. U. R. the 

 Gallows Hill pit, supplying the information of fig. (8) : the two sections given by it are at 

 right angles to each other, and that which is shaded looks towards the valley : 



Fig. (9). 



