442 Mr PHEAR, ON THE GEOLOGY OF SOME PARTS OF SUFFOLK, 



Bramford. At Willisham Hall above Offton the chalk is only covered by two feet of clay, 

 itself being 192 feet above the valley, while at Little Blakenham there is 157 feet of clay, the 

 chalk which forms the floor of the valley exhibiting much disturbance ; elsewhere in Willisham 

 there is 157 feet of clay above chalk. 



The Elmsett and Flowton brooks rise towards Naughton in deep clay. At Flowton 

 Hall on the flank of the valley a well gives 94 feet diluvial clay resting on the chalk : 

 at Hintlesham 15 feet drift-clay and, at a higher level, 21 of mixed clay and sand : 

 Copdock on high ground 15 feet of drift-clay, above 45 of sand, and at a lower level 30 

 feet of sand and gravel: at Belstead (adjoining) 15 feet of stiff" loam on 35 feet of crag. 



The Brett rises beyond Thorpe in thick drift-clay ; a branch of it originates in the same 

 neighbourhood, and runs round by Cockfield, Lavenham, Brent Eleigh, and joins the main 

 stream at Chelsworth, while another comes from Hitcham through Bildeston. 



j\t Bradfield there is 111 feet of drift-clay upon at least 40 feet of red sand, at Cockfield 

 126 feet of pyritous blue drift-clay. At Lavenham parsonage on the higher ground 45 feet 

 of drift-clay. At Bildestone 60 feet of drift-clay. At Monk's Eleigh 62 feet of drift-clay 

 on the flank of the valley with chalk rising seven feet above the level of the stream where 

 it is quarried. Close to Chelsworth is a chalk-pit on the Ordnance map some way up the 

 flank of the valley, and again on the side opposite to Corford Union House also high up. 

 At Whatfield on the neighbouring high ground there is 40 feet of drift- clay upon chalk, 

 and then 66 feet to the permanent water-level. At Kersey is a chalk-pit on the flank of the 

 valley, but on the higher ground there is 75 feet of drift-clay on sand. At Hadleigh the 

 London clay lies on the chalk to a depth of at least 100 feet, and from this point to the 

 Stour the brickkilns on the Ordnance map point out the continuance of the London clay. 

 At Shelly the London-clay formation is cut through and the chalk is exposed at the level 

 of the river ; from here to Harwich the chalk seems to slope about six feet per mile. 



A branch of the Stour rises at Depden just two miles S. of Chevington, passes Hawkedon, 

 close to Hartest, through Boxstead, and joins the Stour just above Sudbury. At Hartest 

 we find 300 feet of blue drift-clay, and close to Sudbury the chalk is laid bare, forming the 

 flanks of the Stour valley: below this again the brickkilns bespeak the region of London clay. 



The streams just traced all lie on the West of the Gipping, and it may be worth while 

 here to make a resume of their evidence. Between Clare and Bury the drift-clay seems 

 to average 100 feet, but N. of an imaginary line drawn through Lidgate, Ousden, Ickworth, 

 Rougham, Stowlangtoft, &c, the chalk comes very close to the surface. S. & S. E. of this 

 line at Bradfield, Norton, Elmswell, Drinkstone, Wetherden, Haughley, Finborough, &c, 

 the drift-clay ranges from 100 to 50 feet, always resting upon sand. 



Just on the line between Clare and Claydon the chalk is continuously laid bare by the 

 river-courses, and the drift-clay gradually thins off on passing this line towards the S. : in the 

 same direction the London-clay formation, often capped by crag and sand, increases to a 

 considerable thickness. 



On the other side of the Gipping we have the Deben, rising nearly in the center of 

 Suffolk at Aspal, and passing through Debenham, Cretingham, Wickham Market, to 

 Woodbridge. 



