possessing the properties of Tallow. 183 



cult to weigh them, or to bring them twice to the same degree of 

 dryness. 

 Result of the ultimate analysis of three grains of Piney Tallow : 



Carbonic acid, 18 cubic inches, water, 3*30 grains : 



Hence the three grains consist of 



Carbon 2.31 = .770 r: 10 atoms. 

 Hydrogen .37 = .123 = 9 atoms. 

 Oxygen .32 = .107 = 1 atom. 



3.00 100 



In a letter from Father D'Incarville, at Pekin, published in the 

 Philosophical Transactions for 1753, a somewhat similar substance 

 is described as tlie produce of China. His words are ** the ber- 

 ries of the Tallow-tree are of great use in the southern provinces, 

 where there are very few sheep. Almost all the candles sold 

 there are made of the oil drawn from these berries. They pro- 

 cure this oil in the same manner that I have mentioned concerning 

 the wax, (which is procured by boiling the matter rasped off 

 the branches of the tree) and as this oil is not of so good a con- 

 sistency as tallow, for its cohesion when candles are made of it, 

 they dip them in the white wax mentioned. " The external coat 

 thus made, prevents them from guttering. At Pekin, the same 

 thing is done with tallow candles." 



That the Chinese vegetable tallow, and the Piney Tallow, are 

 not the same substance, appears from the remark that the former 

 is not of so good a consistence as mutton tallow, whereas the 

 latter is decidedly harder, which is one of its advantages over that 

 material. 



By recent inquiry, I have ascertained that .500 cwt. of Piney 

 Tallow may be procured in the town of Mangalore for fifty rupees, 

 which is somewhat more than 2dJ per pound. At this moment it 

 appears that not more than two tons could be purchased, since if 

 we except the trifling quantity consumed as a medicinal application, 

 it is only applied to one purpose, and manufactured only in one tofwn. 

 The tree, however, is so common throughout the western coast 

 of the Peninsula of India, at least as far northward as the boun- 



