266 DUBLIN UNIVERSITY 



centre of the ear. The anterior lobe is a forward inflected curve of the 

 outer margin of the posterior one, and nearly half its height : the upper 

 margin is gradually rounded into the inner one, which descends sud- 

 denly to the base of the corresponding margin of the posterior lobe, 

 leaving a slit-like space between them : at the junction of the two lobes 

 there is a well-marked sinus. 



The nasal appendages are usually considered as two or three in 

 number ; but it appears to me to be more correct to regard them as four ; 

 though there is no very decided line of separation between them: they 

 may be named as follows : — 



1st. Labial leaf, 



2nd. Nasal disc. 



3rd. Median crest, 



4th. Frontal leaf. 



The Labial leaf, or horse-shoe appendage, as it is usually called, is a 

 belt-like membranous expansion, covering the upper lip (except the 

 narrow marginal space furnished with the moustache), and curving up on 

 each side of the nostrils to nearly the inner angle of the eyes. The outer 

 margin is sharp, and may be raised from the lip : it is slightly emargi- 

 nate in the centre. The inner margin is a thickened or raised fold, ob- 

 viously so on each side of the nostrils : a broadish, shallow groove runs 

 up the middle of the ascending or lateral portions, to nearly their termi- 

 nation : on each of the last parts there is a slightly raised gland-like wart. 

 The surface of the labial leaf is very minutely pimpled, and naked, with 

 the exception of a few very minute straggling hairs. 



2nd. Nasal Disc. — This is situated between the ascending or lateral 

 portions of the labial leaf, and is continued behind them and above the 

 eyes, terminating in a somewhat obtuse point. On its anterior portion 

 are seated the nostrils, rather apart from each other, and bounded pos- 

 teriorly by a slightly curved transverse ridge. Near the apex or ter- 

 minal point, there are two gland-like warts, similar to those occurring 

 on the last- described appendage, and separated from each other by the 

 median crest. The surface of the nasal disc is naked, somewhat flat, 

 and depressed below the labial leaf. 



3rd. Median Crest. — The present structure originates between the 

 nostrils, and is prolonged backward, or upward, along the central line 

 (to which it is attached) of the nasal disc, passing beyond its apex, and 

 becoming more and more elevated in its course : the anterior half is 



