382 Zoological Society. 



been figured, but not described, in Mr. Griffith's Edition of Cuvier's 

 ' Animal Kingdom.' viz. Helix Cunning hami, Gray, in Griff. Anim. 

 Kingd., t. 6. f. 4. ; Fraseri, Gray, in Griff. Anim. Kingd., t. 6. f. 6. ; 

 and Jacksoniensis (resembles Hel. nitida in form, but is imperforate). 

 To Mr. Cunningham Mr. Gray was also indebted for three species 

 discovered by him in Phillip's Island, a small island about 5 miles 

 South of Norfolk Island. These he characterized as Hel. Campbellii, 

 and Phillipii — (this species is allied to the former in the shape of 

 the mouth and structure of the lip ; but the whorls are angular in 

 the young state only, as in most of the Helices of Lamarck,) — and 

 Carocolla Stoddartii. 



The remaining species were described from specimens in Mr. 

 Gray's own collection; they were characterized as Bulimus rhodo- 

 stomus, crassilabris, apiculatus (resembles Bui. Kingii, but is more 

 solid and has a dark apex and pillar), Pullus, and Burchellii ; Lignus 

 tenuis, Helix Codringtonii, Jidelis, Cracherodii (perhaps aNanina, 

 but is more largely perforated than any of that genus of which Mr. 

 Gray has seen the animal), and Maderaspatana. 



While on the subject of Indian Helices, Mr. Gray remarked that 

 Hel. ligulata, Fe>., Moll., t. 31. f. 2, 3, is a common Indian species; 

 and that Hel. cicatricosa, Chemn., vol. ix. t. 109. f. 913, is found in 

 the more elevated regions of India, and has lately been described by 

 Mr. Lea under the name of Hel. Himalayana. 



Also Carocolla Nova Hollandice, Helix granifera and pachy- 

 gastra. 



Mr. Gray observed, when characterizing the last-named shell, that 

 he calls that a tooth which is solid, and that a plait which is 

 marked externally by a corresponding groove. Thus the Chondri 

 of Cuvier have toothed mouths, and the Pupce and Clausilia 

 plaited. 



The exhibition was resumed of the new species of Shells contained 

 in the collection formed by Mr. Cuming, chiefly on the Western 

 Coast of South America and among the islands of the South Pacific 

 Ocean. Those brought on the present occasion under the notice of 

 the Society were accompanied by observations and characters by Mr. 

 G. B. Sowerby, and comprised the following species of the genus 

 Pholas, the characters of which are given in the Proceedings. 



" The utmost caution is necessary in the examination and de- 

 scription of the various sorts of Pholades, on account of the extraor- 

 dinary difference in the form of the same species in different stages 

 of growth. The addition of accessory valves also, as they increase 

 in age, must be carefully observed, in order to guard against too 

 implicit a confidence in their number and form. And though I 

 might be considered guilty of asserting a truism by stating that the 

 difference in size of different individuals of the same species may 

 and sometimes does mislead the tyro in the science of Malacology ; 

 lest such difference should mislead the adept also, let him too pro- 

 ceed cautiously, and when he finds a fully grown shell of half an inch 

 in length agreeing perfectly in proportions and characters with an- 

 other of two inches long, let him not conclude that it is a distinct 



