24 On the Transition Formation of Sweden . [J t; 1 Y, 



in length, entire specimens of that size have, however, never 

 been Found ; Entomostracites bucephalus, of which the head 

 only has been found, but which seems hardly to have been infe- 

 rior in size to the preceding. These occur in the alumslate, 

 which, in this system, is more perfect than in any other ; but 

 besides these and the common small entomostracitaj and ano- 

 mites lenticularis, no fossils have been found in this slate. The 

 limestone contains the large orthoceratites, the common entomo- 

 stracitse, and echinosphaerites pomum ; all coralline petrifications, 

 and all anomioe, are wanting, but these again occur in the sand- 

 stone-like slate immediately below the greenstone, at a height of 

 about 800 feet above the sea. It is extremely remarkable that 

 these fossils are only found in the uppermost beds ; in West- 

 gothland in this clayslate, in the island of Gothland in the upper- 

 most bed of limestone. 



The transition formation in Oestergothland is low, mostly 

 covered with gravel and earth, and no interesting fact has been 

 observed respecting it ; the same is the case with that of Nerike ; 

 and in Upland, only a number of loose blocks have been found, 

 but no transition rock in situ. 



In Scaane, the southernmost province of Sweden, and on two 

 sides bordered by the sea, this formation is of great extent, but 

 so scattered and so much covered by beds of gravel and sand, 

 that the connexion of its different parts is not readily discover- 

 able. In the south part, a long ridge of hills appears ; the rock 

 is white, and consists of granular quartz ; it is in fact a quartz 

 rock; mica, however, is rather rare in it. At Gladson, near 

 Cimbrisham, it contains veins of fluor and galena, the fluor being 

 frequently crystallized in regular octahedrons, a form which is 

 rather rare. Limestone, alumslate, bituminous slate, and clay- 

 slate, occur in many places ; even greywacke and perpendicular 

 veins of greenstone, often several miles in length, and not sel- 

 dom twenty or thirty fathoms in width, occur frequently. 

 When the slate is weathered, there remain ridges of steep 

 barren hills, which rise to 50 or 60 feet above the surrounding 

 fertile country. No fossils are peculiar to this system of the 

 transition formation, except entomostracites spinulosus,* of 

 which entire specimens have been found only in Scaane, though 

 in Westgothland fragments of the same animal occur. The alum- 

 slate has been worked at Andrarum for more than a century to 

 supply an alum manufactory, and at a depth of 400 feet, they 

 had not yet passed through it. 



• Enlomn$ti'acile$ $pinulosus. — Caecus, capite late semilunari, angulis posticis spinu- 

 kwis, froDte oblonga convexissima, cauda rotundata spinulis trunci postreniis breviore. 



