2J8^ Rev. W,D, Conyheare on a Geological Map of [Sept. 



that they pass by the Valday hills to the mouths of the Vistula ; 

 thence, the northern border must run eastward through the 

 Baltic to the island of Rugen. 



Chalk Deposits not immediately connected with 

 THE Great Central Basin of Europe. 



(A.) Ireland. 



In Ireland, a remarkable deposit of chalk fornas the basis of 

 the great basaltic area in the north-east angle of that island ; it 

 contains flints ; the organic remains agree with those of England ; 

 the thickness of the whole deposit does not exceed between 200 

 and 300 feet ; it rests on green sand. 



(B.) South-west of France. 



Chalk is said to occur on the borders of the tertiary basin of 

 the Garonne, near Dex, on the south-west, and along its north- 

 ern border. — (See the preceding article on green sand.) 



(C.) Spain. 



In Spain, chalk is said to occur near Cervera, on the road 

 from Barcelona to Lerida ; gypsum abounds in the same neigh- 

 bourhood, and at Pleacente, two miles from Valencia, but the 

 descriptions are too vague to be relied on ; the gypsum men- 

 tioned seems to be rather that of the red sandstone, than of the 

 formation above the chalk, and possibly a cretaceous marl may 

 have been mistaken for the latter rock. 



(D.) Italy. 

 In Italy, the Scaglia, which covers the extreme secondary 

 chains of the Alps in the Veronese, may perhaps be a variety of 

 chalk ; it is described as a calcareous bed, containing nodules 

 and beds of variously coloured flints, resting on the oolites and 

 white hmestones, and dipping imder the tertiary hills (i. e. those 

 consisting of the formations more recent than the chalk) ; it re- 

 appears against the volcanic group of the Euganean hills near 

 the mouth of the Po^ which appear to have forced it upwards. 



(E.) Basin of Bohemiay and the Valley of the Elbe. 



Dr. Bout^ announces that the formation in this district, long 

 known under the name of planer kalk, is really chalk. In the 

 Valley of the Elbe, he has seen scattered patches of it in the 

 bottom of a sinuosity in the granite near Mahles, on the east of 

 Meissen ; between Plauen and Strehlad, west of Dresden ; at 

 Colditz, and near Zchist, south of Pirna. 



In Bohemia, between Toplitz and Bileu, and along the Laun 

 to Lobositz and Grabern, sometimes supporting basaltic cones. 



More to the south, this deposit appears to have formerly 

 covered the coal and red sandstone formations over an area 

 bounded by two lines, one passing from Hohenmouth to Prague, 



