76 



NOTES AND QUEEIES. 



[2°^ s. VII. Jan. 22. '69. 



" and those that have only the contrary" [opposite] 

 " sydes equal, as R. and T. have " [R. a rectangle, 

 T. a rhomboid], " those will I call likeiammys, for 

 a difference." Definitions. 



" Like " is here used in the sense of eqiial ; as 

 when we say " a like space of time," meaning, an 

 equal space. The square and the rhombus, which 

 have all their four sides equal, are likesides. The 

 rectangle and the rhomboid, which have only their 

 two opposite sides equal, are likeiammys. This 

 last word, in the course of Recorde's brief trac- 

 tate, is also spelt lykeiamme, likeiamme, likeiame, 

 and likeiam. 



It is worthy of observation that, in order to 

 express, as here, geometrical equality, other lan- 

 guages employ a term corresponding to " like." 

 Thus in Dutch we have gelijkhookig, equian- 

 gular ; and in German, ^ZeicAseitig, equilateral — 

 g-ZezcAwinkelig, equiangular — and g-ZeicAschenke- 

 lig, like-legged or isosceles. 



What, then, is likeiamme, or likeiam ? 



May it not be like-jam, or like-jamb (answering 

 in a measure to the Germsin gleichschenkelig, like- 

 legged) ? Jambe is in French a leg ; jamb is in 

 English the side-post of a door-way. Now a 

 door-way, as door-ways are usually made, is a 

 rectangle set up on end. The two side-posts of 

 the door-way are the two equal uprights of the 

 rectangle. Consequently, the rectangle is in this 

 case a like-jamb, a like-iam, or alike-iamme : i. e., 

 it has two equal legs, uprights, or side-posts. — 

 The rhomboid may, for ordinary purposes, be 

 regarded as a rectangle viewed perspectively or 

 obliquely ; consequently, it receives the same ap- 

 pellation. 



The term likeiamme, then, though applied by 

 Recorde to a four-sided figure, bears an affinity 

 to the German gleichschenkelig, like-legged, as 

 applied to an isosceles triangle. 



Are we to understand that Recorde coined the 

 word likeiamme ; or does it occur in any earlier 

 writer ? Thomas Boys. 



Armorial Query (2"^ S. vii. 10.) — The coat- 

 armour of the old family, the Chamonds of Laun- 

 cells, CO. Cornwall, was argent, a chevron between 

 three fleurs-de-lis, gules. Their crest, however, was 

 a lion sejant, not a griffin passant, as Mr. Bing- 

 ham reads the escutcheon he possesses. 



Robert S. Salmon. 



Italian Work on Bell-ringing (2""^ S. vi. 526.) 

 — I should not think there can be such a work ; 

 as there are no regular peals of bells in Italy, and 

 as they are not hung so that they can be rung. 

 Instead of a wheel a large lever is fixed, project- 

 ing at right angles from the stock, to which a 

 rope is attached, and by which the bell is swung so 

 that the sound-bow is impelled against the clap- 

 per. In general there are three bells in the Italian 

 churches, particularly in the Roman States ; one is 



a large bell, the other two much smaller, and are 

 tuned as the tenth and twelfth to the large bell. 

 Suppose this last to be C on the second space of 

 the bass clef, then the others will be the e and g 

 on the first and second lines of the treble clef. 

 If N. G. C. will open the piano-forte, and strike 

 e,g,C — e,g, C — &c., giving to the last note double 

 the length of the other two, he will represent the 

 usual way of chiming to church in Italy. A. A. 

 Poets' Corner. 



Origin of Monks (2"*^ S. vii. 29.) — Under this 

 heading Sttlites must intend to inquire for 

 works treating of the various Religious Orders, in- 

 cluding others besides monks. There is no Eng- 

 lish work professedly on the subject; but he would 

 find accounts of all the different Religious Orders 

 and Institutes in the work of Ph. Bonanni, S. J., 

 in Latin and Italian, the Latin title being as fol- 

 lows : Ordinum Religiosorum in Ecclesia Militanti 

 Catalogus, Romse, 1712, Two Parts : the first con- 

 taining orders of men, and the second of women. 

 An elegant German work, with coloured plates 

 and historical accounts, may be also advantage- 

 ously consulted, which bears the following title : 

 Abbildungen der vorziiglichsten Geistlichen- Orden 

 u. s. w. von C. F. Schwan, Mannheim, 1791, 4to. 

 An excellent French work on the subject is 

 JOHistoire du Clerge Seculier et Regulier. 



F. C. H. 



Separation of Sexes in Churches (2"^ S. vi. 151.) 

 — Dr. Rock, in his last admirable communication 

 on this subject, invites country readers to give any 

 information they possess with reference to their 

 own locality. 



In Canon Pyon church, Herefordshire, in the 

 free sittings, the men sat (five years ago, and I 

 believe still sit) in certain seats by themselves ; 

 the women in others by themselves. At the Holy 

 Communion the men invariably kneel on the 

 north, the women on the south side. 



In Sutton St. Nicholas, Herefordshire, in the 

 free sittings, the men occupy the lower, the women 

 the upper seats. I never saw men and women sit 

 tQgether there. 



At Westbury-on- Severn, Gloucestershire, till 

 within the last few years, it was the custom for all 

 the women to occupy the lower or west end of the 

 church, the men the upper; and at the present 

 time the men invariably kneel on the north side 

 at the Holy Communion, the women on the south. 



I do not know whether it is a general custom 

 in cathedrals, but in that of Hereford it is strictly 

 complied with ; men sitting on the north, women 

 on the south. 



These four cases have occurred in my own per- 

 sonal experience, having been officially connected 

 with each place I have named. I am inclined to 

 think, were inquiry made, the separation of the 

 sexes, or at any rate traces of it, would be found 



