2°<i S. VII. Feb. 12. '59.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



135 



lity of Thomas Barlow's episcopal cliaracter, had 

 such been the case, was yet a party with him, but 

 against herself, to a conspiracy to pass him off as 

 a real bishop ! Strange people those Tudor 

 princes, but not so strange as all this would im- 

 ply ! Really, to doubt of Barlow's consecration 

 seems to involve so many outrageous suppositions 

 that I cannot imagine how any one can have been 

 misled as to the nature of Father Hardouin's 

 theory. It was meant as a paradoxical jest, but 

 has been mistaken for sober argument. 



Wm. Denton. 



riSH MENTIONED BY " HAVELOK THE DANE : 

 " STULIi " AND " SCHULLE." 



(2"-^ S. vi. 382. ; vii. 79.) 



1 . StulL Your correspondent wishes to ascer- 

 tain the derivation of the word stull, which he 

 finds to be the name of a large kind of mackerel 

 taken on the coast of Norfolk. I would submit 

 with my best respects, that both words, stull and 

 mackerel, involve the same radical idea, that of 

 being mottled or spotted. Mackerel has gene- 

 rally been derived from macula, a spot ; and 

 Webster states that the same fish is in British 

 hrithilh, and in Arm. bresell, on account of its 

 spots. Again, stull is stellatus, mottled or spotted : 

 " Salaraandra animal lacerti figurS, stcllatum " 

 (Pliny.). Hence a certain kind of lizard was 

 called stellio because its back was variegated 

 with spots: "tergum habens lucentibus quibus- 

 dam guttis depictum ad modum stellarum " 

 (Forcel.). It may be asked. What has a lizard 

 to do with a mackerel ? But in Naples a macke- 

 rel is called lacerto, a lizard (Lacepede) ; no 

 doubt for this very reason, because like the lizard 

 it is spotted or mottled (stellatus). Any one who 

 has not had the opportunity of witnessing this 

 mottled or spotted appearance, as seen in its per- 

 fection on a mackerel fresh caught, may realise 

 it in that well-known sign of atmospheric change, 

 a mackerel sky. 



The large mackerel is in Danish stockaal (Son- 

 nini). 



Mackled is an old English word for spotted (ma- 

 culated). 



With regard to the word sull (2"^ S. vi. 382.), 

 applied, like stull, to a large sort of mackerel, it is 

 worthy of observation that the horse mackerel, 

 which in the Mediterranean sometimes attains the 

 length of two feet (French), is at Genoa caUed 

 sou, and in the S. of France saurel, sieurel, and 

 sicurel (Buffon and Sonnini). May not these names 

 have some connexion with the term sull, as applied 

 on our eastern coast to that large-sized real 

 mackerel of whi(ih your. correspondent speaks? 



2. Schulle. It is clear, from the reason assigned 

 by your correspondent, that schulle, or skull, can- 

 not be a sole. In all probability it is a plaice. 



The plaice is in Swedish called skolla, and in 

 Dutch schol. (The sole itself is in Dutch tong, 

 tongue, answering to the Portuguese linguado.) 



As however the skull is stated to be " compa- 

 rable in taste and delicacy unto the sole," which is 

 much more than anyone can say of the common 

 plaice, I would suggest that by skull or schulle we 

 are perhaps to understand the fish well known 

 on the eastern coast of England as the Dutch 

 plaice, which some persons consider quite equal to 

 sole or turbot. Thomas Boys. 



The origin of the name of this fish appears to 

 me to be the old Norse skolli, a fox. I do not find 

 that this word is used as denoting a fish In old 

 Norse, but it has evidently given rise to the 

 Swed. skdl, a sea-dog or seal, which in Norse is 

 selr ; and the name might easily have been trans- 

 ferred to a large English fish, such as the stull ap- 

 pears to be. The fact of the fish being found on 

 the coast of Norfolk gives great probability to a 

 Norse derivation of its name. And for the con- 

 nexion between foxes and fish, we need only refer 

 to the dAco7r€Kio$ of Oppian and Aristotle, and to 

 the vulpes marina and squalus vulpes of Pliny, all 

 apparently large carnivorous sea-fish. 



I regard stull merely as another form of skull or 

 schulle. The interchange of the k and t is too com- 

 mon to need examples, but I may refer to two or 

 three which appear to me to be singularly in 

 point. In the early English Psalter published by 

 the Surtees Society we have stakered for scatered 

 in Psalm cxl. 7., and out-stere and outsterandnes 

 for outscere and outscerandnes in Psalm cxl. 4. 



Heebebt Coleridge. 



»0pli05 ta Minat ^Mtviti, 



Precedency in Scotland (2"'* S. vii. 68.) — G. J. 

 will find all he requires in Sir George Mackenzie's 

 Observations upon the Laws and Customs of Na- 

 tions as to Precedency, fol., Edinburgh, 1680. G. 



Derivation of Pickle (2"* S. vii. 77.) — The 

 ground in which error is sown, would seem to 

 produce a rotation of crops : for however dili- 

 gently It may be extirpated, it seems sure to spring 

 up again in full vegetative vigour after a short 

 Interval. I am reminded of this by the renewed 

 assertion that the word pickle is derived from one 

 " Wm. Beukels of Bierfleet," the inventor of 

 pickled herrings. It Is derived from no such per- 

 son ; but from the Dutch word pehel, signifying 

 brine. The mistake has been corrected over and 

 over again : among others, In so ordinary a book 

 as Murray's North Germany, p. 57., edit 1858. 



K.N. 



The Holy Coat of Treves (2"^ S. vii. 69.)— In 

 an exact representation in my possession, brought 



