152 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[2'>* S. VII. Feb. 19. '59. 



3. " They are free and quiet from all manner of Tolls 

 in Fairs and Markets for all things concerning husbandrj' 

 and sustenance." 



This privilege extends to such things only as 

 arise or grow on the land, or are brought for ma- 

 nuring it, or for the necessary use of the tenant 

 and family, and does not extend to general mer- 

 chandise. The form of the writ of exemption 

 from toll is given in Fitzherbert's Natura Bre- 

 vium : — 



4. " And of Taxes and Tallages by Parliaments, un- 

 lesse they be specially named." 



5. " And of contribution to the expences of the Knights 

 of Parliament," &c. 



6. "If they be severally distreyned, or other services, 

 they all for saving of charges may joyn in a Writ of 

 Monstraverunt, albeit they be several Tenants." 



The form of this writ is given by Fitzherbert. 

 It is directed to the lord, commanding him hot 

 to distrain contrary to the ancient usage ; upon 

 which another Writ of Monstraverunt may be 

 sued, directed to the sheriff, commanding him to 

 cause justice to be done if the lord be disobedient. 

 Should the lord distrain again, the tenants may 

 sue an attachment against him ; and if he distrain 

 pending the attachment, they may have a special 

 attachment, directed to the sheriff to make deli- 

 verance. But the lord cannot be made to answer 

 the attachment till the Exchequer has certified 

 to the Court that the manor is ancient demesne ; 

 to procure which, a special writ may be obtained 

 (the form of which is given by Fitzherbert), to 

 the Treasurer and Chamberlain of the Exchequer 

 to certify. 



Lord Coke adds : — 



" These priviledges remain still, although the raannor 

 be come to the hands of subjects, and although their ser- 

 vice of the Plough is for the most part altered and turned 

 into money." 



The tenure may be changed into frank-fee by 

 escheat to the lord, or by the land coming to the 

 king, and it will not be restored by a regrant ; by 

 a confirmation by the lord to hold at certain ser- 

 vices ad communem legem, or by a release from 

 the lord of services or customs. It might also 

 have been changed by the lord's consent to the 

 now abolished process of a fine levied, or a recovery 

 suffered by the tenant. 



I have not succeeded in finding any modern 

 case in which the tenure or any of the privileges 

 have been questioned : I believe it to be very 

 rare ; there is certainly very little knowledge 

 abroad on the subject. I think, in the Reports of 

 the Ileal Property Commissioners, some informa- 

 tion is to be found, but have not been able to re- 

 fer to them. An Old Pauline. 



Prussia, which he supplies as a corrective to that 

 given by the " Times' Correspondent. The pre- 

 sent information is derived from the Gotha Alma- 

 nack for the year 1857 ; entirely agrees with the 

 statement of the " Times' Correspondent," and is 

 as follows : — Elizabeth Louisa, Queen of Prussia, 

 is daughter of the late King of Bavaria, Maxi- 

 milian Joseph, by his second wife, the Princess 

 Caroline of Baden, and was born Nov.lS, 1801. 

 Her twin sister, Amelia, is wife of the present 

 King of Saxony. Two more twin sisters were 

 born in 1805, of which the eldest, Sophia, married 

 Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, and is mother of 

 the present Emperor. The second, Mary, mar- 

 ried Frederick Augustus, late King of Saxony, 

 and is sister-in-law to the reigning monarch. 

 Thus it will appear that instead of being, as stated 

 by M. Gr., " sister to the abdicated Queen of Ba- 

 varia," the Queen of Prussia is sister to the 

 abdicated King Louis, whose wife died in 1854. 

 Your correspondent is also involved in an impos- 

 sible mistake, by affirming the Queen of Prussia 

 to be "daughter to the late King of Saxony;" 

 whereas that monarch died without issue, and was 

 consequently succeeded by his brother Prince 

 John in the year 1854. The assertion qf the 

 " Roman Correspondent," concerning the change 

 of faith undergone by her Majesty on her mar- 

 riage in 1823, bears on it every stamp of proba- 

 bility, as there can be no doubt in any mind who 

 has watched the religious proceedings in Prussia 

 for the last year or so, that the queen is of the 

 same faith as her royal husband, and certainly the 

 Bavarian royal family, of which she is a member^ 

 belongs to the Roman Catholic church. 



The following information, just received frora a 

 very high authority, may satisfy M. Gr. on the 

 change of her Majesty's religion : — 



" The late King of Prussia sent his son to travel 

 through the Courts of Europe, in order to select for him- 

 self a wife. He admired and loved this Princess of Ba- 

 varia, and told his father of it ; but added also, that she 

 was a Roman Catholic. His father refused his consent, 

 but the young Prince said he could marry no one else. 

 A delay was then agreed upon, during which the Prince 

 and Princess both stood firm : the latter declaring her in- 

 tention not to change her religion to gain a crown. At 

 last the old King, seeing opposition unavailing, relented. 

 The Prince, directly after his marriage, took his bride to 

 stay with his Uncle and Aunt in Silesia. They were ex- 

 cellent and devoted Christian people: the Princess be- 

 came convinced by them of the errors of Romanism, and 

 turned Protestant," 



F. M. O. A. 



Deanery, Canterbury. 



THE QUEEN OF PRUSSIA. 



(2°i S. vii. 86.) 

 Your correspondent, M. G., is strangely at fault 

 in the account of the parentage of the Queen of 



WHY WAS LUDOVICUS SFORZA CALLED ANGLUS ? 



(2"<i S. vii. 47.) 

 It is well known that Ludovicus Sforza, though 

 far from exemplary as a public man, was a liberal 

 patron of literature ; and the terra Angliis appears 



