2nd s. VII. May 21. '69.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



421 



wholly independent of the name which he used — 

 "William of Wykeham, ;" for thi^was undoubtedly 

 his sacerdotal name, derived (as shown above 

 in the practice of the times) from his place of 

 birth. Per 56, it proves nothing whatever as to 

 his father's surname. The arguments for his/am% 

 name having been Wykeham may be found in the 

 works to which your correspondent C. E. L. re- 

 fers ; and it must be acknowledged that some of 

 them are very much to the purpose, and difficult 

 to be got over. 



On the other side of the controversy, an ancient 

 pedigree is produced to show that his father's 

 sucname was Longe ; Hampshire his county; his 

 condition humble. C. E. L. is evidently a cham- 

 pion for the pedigree ; and he now corroborates 

 his view of the case by showing, on the authority 

 of documents, first, relationship between the bishop 

 and the Ringborne family ; and next, connexion 

 between the Ringebornes and the Longes, both of 

 Plampshire. 



The object of my present remarks has been, 

 not by any means to enter into the controversy, still 

 less to pronounce any decided opinion upon it, 

 but merely to point out that, according to the 

 usage of the times, the bishop's sacerdotal surname 

 is not, in itself, the slightest index to his real sur- 

 name ; and, therefore, to suppose, as many do, that 

 " de Wykeham" means "of the family Wykeham," 

 is altosether inadmissible. J. E. J. 



WILLIAM CODDINGTOX. 



(2"^ S. vii. 235. 344.) 



Since I wrote my last paper, I have come upon 

 one or two historical points which favour the as- 

 sertion that William Coddington, rather than 

 Roger Williams, must be considered the true 

 founder of the colony of Rhode Lland. I gave it 

 the other way, but I was under a false impression, 

 and I am now anxious to produce the new evi- 

 dence. I remarked that Williams purchased his 

 estate on the main land of the Indians, on the 

 24th of March, 1637 ; and that Coddington and 

 his associates bought their island on the 29th, 

 being five days afterwards. I ran away with the 

 notion that the purchase of a private estate was 

 the founding of a colony — a very erroneous idea ; 

 and remarked that Williams could claim priority 

 to the honour, at all events by the space of five 

 days. But to found a colony it required a char- 

 ter or patent, granted by the English government 

 at home. Here Coddington has the advantage. 



In a Collection of Papers (Boston, N. E. 1769), 

 a volume serving as an Appendix to the Hist, of 

 Massachusetts, is preserved a letter from Edward 

 Winslow, then in London, directed to the Com- 

 missioners of the United Colonies in America. 

 The letter is dated April 17, 1651 j and the writer 



sends out information of what is going on in 

 England. At this period Coddington was again 

 also in England. He had come over in order to 

 procure from the government a patent for the 

 legal foundation of his colony. At p. 229. Mr. 

 Winslow says : " yesterday (as I am informed) 

 Mr. Coddington had something done for him at 

 the counsell of state, which I believe was his pat- 

 tent confirmed." 



The "yesterday" above, was April 16, 1651, 

 the day on which Coddington seems to have got 

 his charter ; and if so, that is the day on which 

 the colony of Rhode Island was legally founded. 



William Arnold, another writer at p. 237., 

 under date 1st of 7th month, 1651, says : 



" "Whereas Mr. Coddington have gotten a charter of 

 Rhode Hand and Conimacucke Hand to himselfe, he 

 have thereby broken the force of their charter that went 

 under the name of Providence, because he have gotten 

 away the greater part of that colonic. 



" Now these company of the Gortonists that live at 

 Showomut, and that company of Providence, are gather- 

 ing of 200Z. to send Mr. Roger Williams unto the Parlya- 

 ment to get them a charter of these partes; they of 

 Showomut have given lOOZ. already, and there be some 

 men of Providence that have given lOZ. and 20/. a man, 

 to helpe it forward with speede." 



We here see it confessed that Coddington had 

 secured his charter in England — that the fact had 

 then in due time become known in America — and 

 that, consequent upon this, great efforts were 

 being made by subscriptions of money to enable 

 Williams to get a charter too. These points could 

 doubtless be more fully established by research 

 among the archives in the places themselves : 

 nevertheless, what is here given is perhaps enough 

 to prove that the honour of founding the colony 

 belongs rather to William Coddington than to 

 Roger Williams; and this point receives farther 

 force, when we remember that the name of Cod- 

 dington's Island has predominated, and that the 

 whole is now comprehended under the general 

 term — the State of Rhode Island. 



P. Hutchinson. 



COCKADE. 



(2°^ S. vii. 158. 246. 284.) 



The custom of wearing badges in the bonnet is 

 of ancient date. This is shown by the legend of 

 the derivation of the name of Plantagenet from 

 Planta genista, — a sprig of whicli was the badge 

 of that house. From these followed the custom 

 of favours, or cockades ; the colours of which were 

 usually derived either from the earlier badges, or, 

 like liveries, from the armorial blazon of the 

 family. The royal favour of Charles I. was scar- 

 let ; but upon the Restoration white was assumed, 

 derived from the white rose, the badge of the 

 House of Stuart. This was subsequently con- 

 firmed by the marriage of James III. {de jiwe) 



