2''> S. VII. June 4. '69.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



463 



all, whatever else it might have been. Dr. Ton© 

 doubts my assertion that " the clergy have suc- 

 ceeded in completely abolishing the scenes." Per- 

 haps in some isolated places (though I doubt it) 

 a remnant of the j^urely religious portion of the 

 " stations " may be observed by very old persons, 

 but I am sure he will be glad to learn that all 

 the other portions of the." scenes" are radically 

 abolished. With regard to the translation of the 

 passage, I find there are some differences, in 

 words, between it and what he gives as the ori- 

 ginal ; but I think this is caused by literal mis- 

 takes, probably by the printer ; and although the 

 words would be slightly altered, the sense would 

 remain the same. I might furnish a more literal 

 translation of the passage, but could not a better 

 one. I still maintain my original opinion on the 

 whole subject, and, as I think, I have shown it 

 was no part of a religious ceremony, nor connected 

 with any that subsequently became common 

 amongst the people. Absence from home has de- 

 layed this reply to the present. S. Redmond. 

 Liverpool. 



CocksTiut (2°'' S. vii. 405.) — The conjecture of 

 Mk. Boys that the word cockshut is formed from 

 cocks-hut, and not from cock-shut, is ingenious ; but 

 I cannot think that it is true. The enclosing, or 

 shutting in, of the woodcock was an essential part 

 of the operation, but the hut was an accident, 

 and might or might not be present. Mr. Boys 

 has cited no example of the use of a hut from any 

 English writer, and it is clear that the fowler 

 might resort to other means of concealment. In 

 Wright's Pi'ovincial Dictionary, shut, as a sub- 

 stantive, is explained to mean a lock on a river 

 in the southern counties, and a narrow street in 

 the western ; also to be used as a synonym of 

 shutter. Shuts are likewise stated to mean " stout 

 poles " in Warwickshire. The former significa- 

 tions of the word are derived from its sense of 

 shutting in ; the latter appears to be connected 

 with its application to a folding net. L. 



Ancient Entries (^"'^ S. vii. 416.) — I do not 

 think it at all likely that the entries mentioned by 

 J. C. J. relate to any particular society or frater- 

 nity. It is, I think, more probable that the priest 

 who owned the Breviary was in the habit (at all 

 times usual with Catholics) of noting the deaths 

 of members of his flock, or his own relatives and 

 friends, that as the days came round he might be 

 reminded to pray for their departed souls. Some 

 of the names, such as Fitter, Birch, Moseley, and 

 Standish, are those of well-known Catholic fami- 

 lies ; and from them I should conjecture that the 

 priest lived in Staffordshire, or one of the Midland 

 Counties. F. C. H. 



" Parafe" (2"^ S. i. 420.) — " Marque quo cha- 

 cun met apres sa signature : " so says the French 

 Dictionary ; but the definition is incomplete, and 

 wants exactness. A parafe, the newer orthogra- 

 phy for para/jAe — a word contracted from ^ara- 

 graphe (wapa, about, and ypacpw, I write,) — may 

 signify either a signature with a flourish of the 

 pen, or the initial letter or letters of the name ; or 

 even the peculiar flourish of the writer, without 

 any letters at all : in that latter case the flourish 

 gets an algebraic value and takes the place of the 

 suppressed name. The parafes of the old school 

 were of a tremendous size, complication, variety, 

 and strangeness. Now-a-days gentlemen write 

 their names in a very plain way. But in official 

 documents, the parafe, either a simple flourish or 

 an initial or two, with and without any ornament, 

 is still in use as a substitute for, and a symbol of, 

 the whole name. Parapher (the verb has kept 

 the original Greek *), U7i acte de notaire, or a 

 treaty of peace, is to write one's initials, or ini- 

 tial, upon each recto and verso of the sheets. 

 The want of a parafe may be a case of nullity. 



Philarete Chasles, Mazarinseus. 



Palace of the Institute, Paris, May 12. 



The Arrows of Harrow (2""^ S. vii. 376.)— Your 

 correspondent J. Ms., who has, he tells us, " often" 

 with a wonderful simplicity " wondered that the 

 arms of Harrow School should be two crossed 

 arrows," and, at the same time, while wondering, 

 had mercifully " hoped that it was no disregard to 

 the letter ^," has, it appears, been recently much 

 relieved by a discovery in Chamberlayn's Survey 

 of the Cities of London and Westminster, wherein 

 mention is made of the shooting for a silver arrow. 

 Meanwhile, he yet wonders when this practice was 

 discontinued. 



" The last silver arrow was contended for," says 

 Carlisle in his Endoived Grammar Schools, " in 

 July, 1771." "To that work, to the Gentleman's 

 Magazine, and to Lysons' Environs of London, I 

 refer him ; and can, myself, only regret that your 

 querist did not anticipate his Query by a previous 

 reference to such well-known works. 



L. Harroviensis. 



In reply to your correspondent's Query, allow 

 me to state that the last silver arrow was con- 

 tended for in July, 1771 (vide Handbook to Har- 

 row-on-the-Hill, p. 64.). The arms of the school, 

 as shown on the seal of the governors, are a lion 

 rampant, with the motto, "Donorum DeiDispen- 

 satio Fidelis." 



The device or ornament of the crossed arrows 

 over the arms was added in recent times (no 

 doubt in allusion to the ancient practice of ar- 

 chery pursued here) by Dr. Butler, the late Dean 

 of Peterborough, when head master of Harrow 

 School, who also substituted the present motto — 

 " Stet Fortuna Domus " — for the original one. H. 



