2»<« S. VII. June 4. '69.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



465 



The Sign Taurm (2"^ S. vii. 398.) — I have cut 

 the enclosed from the Moore Almanack for 1859, 

 published for the Stationers' Company, from which 

 it appears that the Zodiacal signs are still sup- 

 posed to retain their influence over the human 

 body. I think I have read in some of these old 

 almanacks the same ideas expressed in doggerel 

 poetry. 



" The Dominion of tlie Moon in Man's Body, passing 

 under the Twelve Zodiacal Constellations. 

 " HP Aries, Head and Face, 

 b Taurus, Neck and Throat. 

 n Gemini, Arms and Shoulders. 

 3 Ca7icer, Breast and Stomach. 

 Q Leo, Heart and Back. 

 'JP Vi7-go, Bowels and Belly. 

 =Q: Libra, Reins and Loins. 

 ■"l Scorpio, Secret Members. 

 t Sagittarius, Hips and Thighs. 

 Vf Capricorn, Knees and Hams. 

 ■' ^ Aquarius, Legs and Ankles. 

 Jt Pisces, Feet and Toes." 



H. T. 



Cockade (2"* S. vii. 158. 246. 284. 421.) —Many 

 thanks are due to Mr. Maclean for the very in- 

 teresting account he has given of the origin of 

 cockades, and of the various changes which have 

 taken place In them since their first adoption. 

 J. P. O. objects to the distinction I make be- 

 tween army and navy cockades, and says, " I do 

 not remember ever to have seen an English ser- 

 vant's cockade without a fan on the top." In this 

 case I think the fault lies in his own want of ob- 

 servation ; for if he will go into the Park any fine 

 afternoon, between the hours of 4 and 6 p.m., and 

 observe the carriages in " the ring," he will see 

 many servants without fans to their cockades, 

 — those with fans predominate I admit, but the 

 reason is obvious ; for if you compare the respec- 

 tive numbers of military and naval men, includ- 

 ing, of course, all who have ever been in either 

 service, you will find the balance largely in favour 

 of the former. Perhaps Mr. Maclean will give 

 us his opinion on this point. I should also be 

 glad to have Mr. Maclean's authorities for the 

 cockade being used by privy councillors, magis- 

 trates, &c., who are otherwise not entitled to it, 

 and I should like to know also whether the chief 

 clerks, &c., in the Treasury and offices of the 

 various Secretaries of State, are included under 

 the head of the " gentlemen belonging to the 

 great public departments of the state?" If so, 

 •what sort of cockade should they use ? I intended 

 to have mentioned the royal cockade as at present 

 worn, in my first reply to Stylites, but forgot it, 

 as I wrote the article in a hurry. J. A. Pn. 



Substitute for Oiled Paper (2"'^ S. vii. 234. 306.) 

 — Thin paper dipped in a strong mucilage of gum 

 arable, and then dried, is as transparent as^ oiled 

 paper, and will take water-colours much better. 



W. J.D. 



Spelling of the Name Dryden (2'""' S. vii. 233. 

 301. 384.) — I was at Canons Ashby, the seat of 

 Sir Henry Dryden (whose mother was a Hutchin- 

 son), in September, 1857. One day (the 24th) 

 when I was in the church with him, I took rub- 

 bings of four brasses, e. g.: — 



One represents a full-length figure in a furred 

 cloak, but without date or inscription. Sir Henry 

 told me it portrayed his ancestor John Dryden, 

 temp. Eliz. 



Another, the armorial bearings as thus : — A lion 

 rampant. In chief, a globe marked with meridians 

 and the ecliptic, between two stars of six points 

 wavy. For the crest a demi-lion, bearing a similar 

 globe in its right gamb. Of the tinctures I am not 

 quite certain ; but I may trust memory and some 

 rough drawings of the interior of the church, 

 where banners are seen hanging against the wall : 

 the field is azure, and tHb charges or. 



Another is this : — 



" Here lyeth interred the bodyes of Ekasmvs 

 Dryden, Barronett, who deceased the 22t'> {^sic"] 

 OF Maye, Anno Domini 1632 ; and of Dame Frances 

 HIS WIFE, WHO deceased tiie 16th qp Feb. 1630." , 



And the fourth : 



" Here lyeth interred the body of John Dry- 

 den, THp; SONNE OF lOHN DrYDEN, BaBRONETT, WHO 

 DECEASE [_sic'] THE * 4™ • OF DECEMBER, 1631." 



Your correspondent, J. P. Phillips, quotes a 

 paper in the College of Arms, where the name is 

 written Drayden ; but on the brasses in the church 

 (the rubbings of which now lie on the table by me 

 as I write), the spelling is uniformly Dryden. 

 Query, Which authority is best ? 



In his dining-room. Sir Henry has a good paint- 

 ing of the poet ; but he has no knowledge of any 

 connexion between the families. P. Hutchinson. 



''Turn-cat-iri-pan" (P* S. xii. 374.) — This 

 saying is merely a mispronunciation of the old 

 French one, " tourner cote en peine," " to change 

 sides in trouble, bodily or political ; " and it was 

 one of the many brought into England about. the 

 time of the Stuarts by courtiers educated in 

 France. From the same saying mispronounced 

 by those whose French was " of the school of 

 Stratford-atte-Bowe," we have the word "turn- 

 coat." John Thrupp. 



Gas : Origin of the Word (2"^ S. vii. 298.) — 

 It seems impossible that Van Helmont, not to say 

 anything of the Talmudists, could ever have had 

 an idea of the existence of gases. Even in the 

 days of Priestley they were considered merely as 

 different conditions of atmosphere. For instance, 

 oxygen was called " dephlogisticated air." I have 

 heard the use of the word originated from a joke 

 of Werner's, when making some experiments on 

 gases. Some of those present said, " Well, what 

 are vre to call these ? they are not air, nor are 

 they spirit." " Well," said Werner, " if it is not 



