3d6 



NOTES AND QUERIES. [2nas.N«»d9.,Ai.iaL25.'5r. 



canonicals, reclining on his left side, with the head 

 raised and resting upon his hand. Between the 

 figure and the entablature is a square tablet, upon 

 which an inscription appears to have heen painted. 

 Not a letter of this is now visible, only some small 

 portions of paint to show how it had been exe- 

 cuted. The Ripon registers do not reach back to 

 the date of his supposed death, but there appears 

 every reason to believe that this event took place 

 in the year 1608. Patonce. 



The inscription on Dean Fowler's tomb is given 

 in Gent's Ripon (p. 126.) ; but, as that work is 

 rare, I subjoin a copy of the epitaph : — 



" M. S. 

 " MoTSis Fowler, S.T.B., hujus Ecclesise Collegiatse 

 Sancti Wilfridi de Ripon, ac Serenissimo Principi Jacobo 

 Bestauratie, Decani Primi : necnon Danielis Fowler, A.M., 

 Moysis filii, ac suaj uxoris, JaniB Fowler. Danielis offi- 

 cium sacrum esse hoc monumentum Testamento sue 

 voluit refici. 



" Coelum, Terra, Homines, de re rixantur eadem ; 



Fowlerum quisquis vindicat esse suum. 

 Nuncius h coolo, tandem componere lites, 



Fati, descendens, ultima jussa refert. 

 Turn moriens animam coelo, corpusque sepulcro, 



Nobis ingenii clara trophaea dedit." 



DUNELMBNSIS. 



" The sunbeam passes through pollution unpoU 

 luted'' (2"^ S. iii.218.) — This thought, mentioned 

 in the Memoirs of the late Sydney Smith, respect- 

 ing which Queries and Replies have occurred in 

 the 2"" S. of " N. & Q.," vol. i. pp. 114. 304. 442. 

 502., and which has been traced back to Eusebius 

 by EiBioNNACH in the present volume, p. 218., 

 can be carried back still further. In the apolo- 

 getic books of Tertullian, De Spedaculis, cap. 20., 

 our author adverts to the arguments of those, 

 whether Pagans or lax Christians, who defended 

 the practice of frequenting the public shows and 

 spectacles. After refuting those who objected 

 that no express prohibition of such entertainments 

 is to be found in the Scriptures, he notices a new 

 argument which had come to his ears : 



" Novam defensionem suaviludii cujusdam audivi. 

 Sol, inquit, imo etiam ipse Deus, de ccelo spectat, nee 

 contaminatur. Sane sol et in cloacam radios suos defert, 

 nee inquinattir." — Tertulliani Opera, ed. Leopold. Lips. 

 1839, in Bibliotheca Patrum Lat. Selecta. 



E. Smibke. 



Origin of the Tread-wheel (2°"i S. iii. 291.) — 

 Without detracting from the credit given to the 

 late Mr. Cubitt for " starting into existence " this 

 machine as a mode of punishment, the idea of 

 working a mill by the power of a man walking, as 

 it were, without ever progressing, or rather tread- 

 ing on pieces of wood fastened to the outer peri- 

 phery of a wheel, was no novelty. The prin- 

 ciple is shown in a clever woodcut of a corn mill 

 worked in such a way in the Theatrum Machina- 

 rum Novum, by A. G. Bockler, printed at Nurem- 



burgh, 1662, fol. ; wherein may also be seen other 

 cuts of mills worked by men treading inside the 

 periphery of a large wheel, in the same way that 

 a kitchen spit was formerly turned by a dog after 

 the manner of a squirrel in his round-about cage. 



H. T. Ellacombe. 



Jewish Tradition respecting the Sea Serpent 

 (2°* S. iii. 149.) — Not having seen any answer 

 to this Query, I venture to suggest that the tra- 

 dition (if it ever existed) was invented to account 

 for Psalm Ixxiv. 14., " Thou brakest the heads of 

 leviathan in pieces, and gavest him to be meat to 

 the people inhabiting the wilderness," — a text 

 which is generally considered to refer to the de- 

 struction of the Egyptian host in the Red Sea, 

 and their carcases becoming a prey to the birds 

 and beasts of the neighbouring desert. 



J. Eastwood. 



Dr. Watts and Nash (2"'^ S. iii. 205.) — Mb. 

 RiLET is mistaken. Dr. Watts is purposely pa- 

 raphrasing part of a book, which will repay pe- 

 rusal a good deal better than Pierce Pennilesse. 

 See Proverbs of Solomon, xxvi. 14., " As the door 

 turneth," &c. ; vi. 10., " A little more sleep," &c. ; 

 xxiv. 30., " I went by the field," &c. 



Perhaps Nash had wisely made himself ac- 

 quainted with the book. P. P. 



Tessone and Broccu (2"'^ S. iii. 270.) — I beg to 

 inform E. G. R. that I very much doubt whether 

 the difference of signification between the two 

 words " Tessone and Broccu " can ever be with 

 any certainty ascertained. Dr. Donaldson, who 

 generally is very happy in his derivation of woids, 

 does not even mention them in his Varronianus 

 or New Cratylus, and I cannot but think that, had 

 they been worthy of investigation, he would have 

 mentioned them. 



If E. G. R. will turn to his Latin Dictionary 

 he will find 



" Bkochus, having the teeth and nether jaw project- 

 ing more than the other." 



I think E. G. R.'s derivation of tessone far- 

 fetched. All good French Dictionaries contain 

 a word very nearly similar ; indeed, if I mistake 

 not, it is the same word for " tesson, m., a badger." 



If E. G. R. is a naturalist I should think, from 

 the meaning of the Latin name, he will soon de- 

 termine the signification of "broccu." K. K. K. 



St. John's College, Cambridge. 



Monoliths (2"*^ S. iii. 189.) — Pompey's (more 

 properly Diocletian's) pillar is red granite from 

 Upper Egypt : according to Wilkinson the shaft, 

 composed of an entire block, measures 73 feet; the 

 total height of the pillar, including pedestal and 

 capital, is 98 feet 9 in. 



Cleopatra's Needles, also to be seen at Alex- 

 andria, are remarkable monoliths. I have not a 



