2"<' S. No 11., May 9. '57.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



363 



Several persons, are, as I have heard, collecting 

 memorials of those who suffered for the House of 

 Stuart, from the Revolution downwards. It is to 

 be wished that some such person would give us a 

 list, with a few biographical memoranda (where 

 attainable) of all who died on the scaffold in that 

 quarrel; such a work is required by many students 

 of the past, as a hand-book and a peg to hang notes 

 upon. K. P. D. E. 



FURTHER NOTES ON TOBACCO. 



Mr. Bates's interesting remarks on the early 

 history of tobacco (2°'' S. iii. 131. 310.) induce me 

 to offer you the following tribute to the gentle 

 weed. 



Dr. Cleland, in his rhetorical Essay on To- 

 bacco, in 1840, announced the same opinion as to 

 the earlier introduction of tobacco for which Mr. 

 Bates contends — fixing tlie period between the 

 years 1563 and 1568, " principally from the fact 

 that Sir John Hawkins returned during that 

 period from several voyages, during the course 

 of which he had landed on the coast of Afiica 

 and Hispaniola, and whose scrutinizing observa- 

 tion it is very astonishing such a novelty should 

 have escaped," — adding, like Mr. Bates, the 

 direct statement of the Water Poet, in 1635. But 

 in truth, I might fill a page with the various con- 

 jectural dates of this unimportant fact. Stowe, 

 in fact (in his Chron. of Eng., p. 1038, edit. 1631), 

 states that tobacco was " first brought and made 

 known by Sir John Hawkins, about the year 

 1565, but not used by Englishmen in many years 

 after, though at this day commonly used by most 

 men, and many women." In the same column, 

 however, he had previously stated that " Sir 

 Walter Raleigh was the first that brought tobacco 

 in use, when all men wondered what it meant." 

 Surely, after this the laboured reasoning of Dr. 

 Cleland, and the surmise of Mr. Bates, are little 

 to the purpose. The writers who give the honour 

 to Hawkins, to Drake, or simply " to the English 

 returning from Virginia" (originally called Win- 

 gandekoe), wrote at a comparatively late period ; 

 and every votary of the benignant weed should 

 be anxious to preserve the honour to the unfor- 

 tunate Raleigh — who, for aught we know to the 

 contrary, may have paid with his head the penalty 

 of the " stinking fume," so hateful to the nose of 

 his spiteful tyrant King James. I have found an 

 old book, published in 1616, which seems clearly 

 to show that the " Counterblaste " was made up 

 at the instigation of the book in question, and 

 composed from its materials. It is entitled To- 

 bacco Tortured, Sec, and is most extravagantly 

 dedicated to King James, praying to " boldly 

 march under the martiall ensigne of his kingly 

 care, for publike good, against all the fiery en- 

 counters of whatsoever fuming Tobacconists." In 



this work the writer says, clearly alluding to poor 

 Raleigh ; 



" For the first, who knoweth not of old, that this thy 

 intended Tobacco was primarily posted over from West 

 India to England by a vicious, a vaine, and a wilde dis- 

 position ? That I say : no more." 



Of course this was pleasant music to King James. 

 Thirty years after the introduction of a striking 

 novelty is very early ; and a testimony of that 

 date must constitute a good claim to credence ; 

 now I find such testimony in the direct assertion 

 of Henry Buttes, M.A., and Fellow of Corpus 

 Christi College, Cambridge, — in a small and very 

 curious volume, published in 1599 — about thirty 

 years after the alleged dates of Dr. Cleland and 

 Mr. Bates. Buttes's little book is entitled : 



"Dyet's Dry Dinner, consisting of eight several courses 

 — 1. Fruites. 2. Herbes. 3. Flesh. 4. Fish. 5. Whit- 

 meats. 6. Spice. 7. Sauce. 8. Tobacco — all served in 

 after the Order of Time universal)." 



He says : 



" The name in India is Pilciet, surnamed tabacco by 

 the Spaniards, of the He Tabaco. By their meanes it 

 spred farre and nere : but yet wee are not beholden to 

 their tradition. Our English Ulisses, renowned Syr 

 Walter Rawleigli, a man admirably excellent in Naviga- 

 tion, of Nature's privy counsell, and infinitely reade in 

 the wide book of the worlde, hath both farre fetcht it, 

 and deare bought it : the estimate of the treasure I leave 

 to other : yet this all know, since it came in request there 

 hath been Magnus fumi questus, and Fumi-vendulus is 

 the beste Epithete for an Apothecary." 



He gives us a quaint " Satyricall Epigram upon 

 the wanton and excessive use of Tobacco," which, 

 it is clear, was then smoked in the theatres : 



" It chaunc'd me gazing at the Theater 

 To spie a Dock-Tabacco Chevalier, 

 Clowding the loathing ayr with foggj' fume 

 Of Dock-Tabacco, friendly foe to rume." 



The poet thereupon expostulates with the 

 " Chevalier," telling him he is vapouring out his 

 " reeking streams " — 



" Like or to Jiiw-oe's steeds, whose nostrils flam'd, 

 Or Flinie's Nosemen (mouthles men) surnamed, 

 Whose breathing nose supply'd Mouth's absency. 



He me regreets with this profane reply : 

 *Nay, I resemble (Sir) Jehovah dread. 

 From out whose nostrils a smoke issue'd ! 

 Or the mid-ayrs congeale'd region. 

 Whose stomach with crude humours frozenon, 

 Sucks up Tobacco-like, the upmost a3'r, 

 Enkindled by Fire's neighbour-candle fayr. 

 And hence it spits out watry reums amaine,_ 

 As phleamy snow, and haile, and sheerer raine. 

 Anon it smokes beneath, it flames anon? ' 

 Sooth then, quoth I, it's safest we be gone, 

 Lest there arise some Ignis Fatutts 

 From out this smoking flame and choken us. 

 On English fool ! wanton Italianlj', — 

 Go Frenchly, — Dutchly drink, — breathe Indianly ! " 



The Epigrammatic completeness of this descrip- 

 tion of a swaggering fop is inimitable. 

 Amongst a curious collection of MSS., entitled 



