«58 Phyjica! and Political Geography of North Africa. 



fouth. This latter occupies the extremity of the navigable courfe of the Senegal, terminated 

 in this place by the cataract of F'low. 



FroiTi this point the Negro and Foulah flates occupy both banks of the Senegal river to 

 its fource ; and beyond that both banks of the N'ger (or Joliba) likewifc, to the lake Dibbie, 

 fituated beyond the term of Mr. Park's expedition. This fpace is divided unequally between 

 Kaffon, a hilly ftrong country, but of finall extent ; and which has the Moors of JafFnoo on 

 the north : Kaarta a confiderable ftate, which has Ludamar for its oppofite (a country held 

 by Ali, a Moorifli prince, who is loaded with infamy on the fcore of maltreatment of the 

 only two Europeans who appear to have entered his country in latter times) : Bambara of 

 ftill more conI;der<ition, having the Moorifli kingdom of Beeroo to the north : and Maflina, 

 a Foulah ftate bordering alfo on the fouth of Beeroo. 



Here Mi . Park's perfonal knowledge ends ; but he learnt that Tombucloo and Houfla, 

 which fuccced in order to Maflina, and occupy both fides of the Niger, are Moorifh dates,. 

 though with greateft proportion of Negro fubjefts : fo that the river may be confidered as the 

 boundary of the two races in this quarter *. 



Of the countries between Houfla and Kaffina we are ignorant. The Defert fcems to ap- 

 proach very near the river (Niger) in that quarter, whence a Moorifh population may be in- 

 ferred. South of the river, we hear of KaiFaba, Gago, and other Negro countries j. but 

 without any diftindt notices of pofition ; and beyond ihefe Melli. 



Kaffina and Bornou, two great empires on the north of the river, appear to divide the 

 largeft portion of the remaining fpace to the borders of Nubia ; and extend a great way 

 to the north ; this region being compofed of defert and habitable country intermixed ; but 

 perhaps containing the largeft proportion of the latter. In both thefe empires, the fove- 

 reigns are Mahomedans, but the bulk of their fubjefts are faid to adhere to their ancient 

 worftiip; that is to fay, the lower orders arc almoft univerfally Negroes f. 



From what has appeared, perhaps the boundary of Nigritia as it refpeds the Negro popu- 

 lation may be exprefled generally, and with a few exceptions, as follows r beginning from the 

 weft, the extent upwards of the navigable courfe of the Senegal river, generally — thence a. 

 line drawn to Silla ; from Silla to Tombudfoo, Houfla, and BeriflTa, along the river Niger^ 

 and thence through Afouda, Kanem, and Kuku, to Dongola on the Nile. 



\jio% enumerates I2 ftates or kingdoms of Nigritia : but amongft thefe he includes 

 Gualata, a trail only 300 miles S. of the river Nun : as alfo Cano (Ganat), adjacent tO« 

 Fezzan ; and Nubia. Kaifina, Bornou, and Tombudoo, are included of courfe §.. 



The kingdom of the Foulahs, before mentioned, fituated between the upper part of the 

 Gambia river and the coaft of Serra Leona, and along the Rio Grande,, has alfo a Maho- 



• The emperor of Morocco is faid to have held at one period the fovereignty of fome of the countries on the 

 northern banks of the Senegal and Niger rivers. Labat, vol. iii. p. 339, fpeaksof incurfions made by his troops^ 

 •{■ African Affoc. Q;_p. 126. O. p. 191. 



X Page 4- 



§ The Arabs and Mc.ort call Nigritia by the general name of Soudan. By Belad Soudan, or the country of 

 Soudan, Abulfeda includes all the known part of Africa, fouih of the Great Defert and Egypt. With him 

 Soudan is the fouthern quarter of the globe. D'Herbclot alfo allows it a wide range. Atfnoo is anothel 

 term for Nigritia, in ufe atnong the natives themfelves. (See alfo Proceedings Afric. AJToc. Q;_p. 164. 

 O. p. i^fc) 



medaa 



