in the Year 1835, in reference to the Physiology of Plants. 161 



grav. 0*983. All three did not fulminate with iodine. It is 

 astonishing that the oils from the fruit and the flowers did not 

 coincide more, since it is certain that in the distillation of the 

 flowers M. Bley did not separate the germen. We therefore 

 doubt the correctness of the statements, as in other respects 

 the experiments of M. Bley have been conducted rather care- 

 lessly, which has been lately proved by all the analyses of 

 Achillea nobilis. M.Landerer* prepared from the green part 

 oiConium maculatum a small quantity of aethereal oil, in ob- 

 taining which no one had before succeeded in Germany. 

 Does the hemlock which grows in southern latitudes (in 

 Greece) form an exception ? 



James Martin f obtained from the leaves of Cassia mary- 

 landica also an aethereal oil, as did Zeller % from the peri- 

 sperm of Abies yectinata. The latter • was limpid, spec, 

 grav. = 0*839; fulminated with iodine, but left potassium un- 

 changed ; it therefore contained no oxygen. The aethereal oil 

 from the leaves of Myrica Gale§ solidifies, according to Ra- 

 benhorst, at 14° Reaum., and is at 15° a thickish dark yellow 

 mass, which contains 70 per cent, of stearoptin. It does not 

 fulminate with iodine, and has a spec. grav. = 0*876. 



Elementary analyses have conducted us in the aethereal oils 

 to very interesting results, and have made known to us, be- 

 sides those oils accompanied by acids and sulphur and which 

 have been mentioned above, a series of oils containing no 

 oxygen, therefore containing only carbon and hydrogen ; and 

 another series containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. 

 To the first series belongs the oil of turpentine, consisting of 

 C 5 H 8 ; and the oil of the black pepper, the juniper oil, the 

 savin oil, and according to Dumas || the oil of the fruits of 

 Citrus medica and Citrus limetta have been found to be isomeric 

 with it. In addition to these, posssesing the same combina- 

 tions, are the light parts of the oils of pink and valerian, 

 which on their separation were also accompanied by a pecu- 

 liar acid : further, the copaiva balsam oil, the basis of the ca- 

 jeput oil, and of the turpentine-camphor; the cajeput oil is 

 a hydrate, whose base, like that of the. turpentine oil, consists 

 of C 5 H 8 : the turpentine-oil-camphor is another hydrate of 

 this turpentine oil, which often separates itself from it in cry- 

 stals. Colophony, copaiva resin, camphor, the caryophylline 

 and lavendel-stearoptin have been acknowledged to be oxides 



* Buchn. Repert., vol. in. part 1. 

 t The American Journ. of Pharm., 1835. April. 

 X Archiv fur Pharm. , vol. iii. 

 § Berliner Jahrbiicher, vol. xxxv. part 2. p. 256. 

 || Journ. de Chim. Med., June 1835. 

 Third Series. Vol. 11. No. 66. Aug. 1837. Y 



