Geological Society. 203 



latter extends from 1 5 to 20 miles to the east along the north side 

 of the Tmolus range ; but in Mount Corax the limestone is com- 

 monly absent, and schistose rocks prevail, in some places yellowish 

 and friable, in others dark-coloured and compact ; a fine-grained 

 quartzose conglomerate also occurs. 



2. The tertiary lacustrine limestone on the south side of the bay 

 forms a table-land extending south from Smyrna about 15 miles. It 

 consists of whitish limestone in horizontal beds containing nodules 

 and layers of quartz resinite. Planorbes and paludinae abound at cer- 

 tain points, but are not generally diffused. Greenish marls alternate 

 with the limestone, and prevail in the central parts of the area where 

 they contain beds of rolled gravel of nummulitic limestone, schist, 

 and red trachyte. Conglomerate beds also prevail around the margin. 



3. A vast mass of trachyte appears near Smyrna, and from thence 

 to spread over the lacustrine beds. It consists chiefly of reddish 

 porphyritic trachyte, in some places stratified on a small scale. A 

 breccia of fragments of blackish trachyte in a red paste is also fre- 

 quent. The aqueous and igneous rocks do not alternate ; the lacus- 

 trine beds do not contain igneous materials, and no dikes are observed. 

 On the south side the trachyte overlies the lacustrine formation like 

 a lava coulee, the uppermost bed of the latter in contact with the 

 trachyte being a conglomerate of hippurite limestone and schist with 

 no traces of igneous matter. 



Mount Pagus, south of Smyrna, is chiefly trachyte overlying the 

 lacustrine beds, which crop out on the north side and dip towards 

 the centre of the hill, consisting of sandy strata with vegetable re- 

 mains and shells of helix and unio, and between them and the tra- 

 chyte is the limestone conglomerate. At the north-east foot of the 

 hill is a small isolated mass of yellowish schist and hippurite lime- 

 stone about an acre in extent. 



The north side of Smyrna bay presents appearances analogous to 

 those on the south. The grey hippurite limestone of Mount Sipylus 

 is accompanied as at Mount Tartali by black and greenish schists. 

 The lacustrine deposits are overlaid by a great mass of trachyte 

 which forms the lofty mountain of Cordileon. The relation of the 

 lacustrine beds to the grey hippurite limestone is well exposed in a 

 ravine north of Bournabat j and a few yards further north they con- 

 tain beautiful impressions of leaves referred to the genera Laurus, 

 Nerium, Olea, Salix, Quercus, and Tamarix ; also shells of Cyclas, 

 Paludina, Planorbis, and Cypris. In ascending hence to the west 

 the lacustrine marls are surmounted by non-volcanic conglomerate, 

 identical with that of Mount Pagus. Above this are beds of tufaceous 

 conglomerate, and at the top the brown trachyte of Cordileon, resem- 

 bling that near Smyrna, and like it sometimes laminated, but pre- 

 senting little variety except in a long ridge opposite Smyrna which 

 consists of whitish decomposed earthy trachyte. 



A letter was next read addressed to Sir Charles Lemon, Bart., 

 F.G.S., by R. W. Fox, Esq., " On the process by which Mineral 

 Veins have been filled *." 



[* See Lond. and Edinb. Phil. Mag., vol. ix. p. 387, vol. x. p. 394.] 

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