464 



CATALOGUE RAISONNE. 



Dictioniiaire des Sciences Naturelles. Tome LX. 1830. 



The greater part of this vohime is occupied by the article on Zoophytes, 

 written by Mr. de Blainville. It contains a general enumeration of all 

 the species now or lately included in the class^ arranged according to a 

 ne\y system. This is preceded by a history of the labours of those natu- 

 ralists who have studied the zoophytes, (including notices of their va- 

 rious systematic arrangementSj) and by an interesting summary of the 

 present state of knowledge with regard to their anatomy, physiology, 

 and natural history. The author divides the species enumerated in his 

 work into three sections, two of which include what he calls " false," 

 and the third " true zoophytes." One of the sections of " false zoo- 

 phytes," is formed by the Physophora, Beroe, and their allied genera, 

 and by the Entozoa and Infusoria. These the author considers as enti- 

 titled to a higher place than zoophytes in the zoological scale. The other 

 comprises such organized beings as the Corallitue and NematophytcB, 

 which are considered as vegetables, and grouped together under the 

 name of Pseudozoa, The " true zoophytes" are divided into two types, 

 one of which, named Actinozoa, includes all those whose parts are ar- 

 ranged circularly around a central pointer axis ; such as, the Echinoder^ 

 tnata, Acalepha, MilleporcB, SertularicB, DennatulcB, &c. The second type 

 is named Amorphozoa, and embraces the Sponffim, Scyphi(B, Tethyce, &c, 

 The Actinozoa form five classes : 



I. EcHiNODERMA, Comprising the genera Holothuria, Echinus, As-,. 

 terias, Comatula, Encrinus, &c. 

 II. Arachnoderma, Euryale, RMzostoma, Cyanea, Veletla, &c. 



III. ZoAVTHARiA, LucemaHa, Actinia, Madrephyllia, Madrepora, 



&c. 



IV. PoLYPiARTA, Millepora, Eschara, Flustra, Sertularia, Pluma-* 



tella. Hydra, &c. 

 V. ZooPHYTARiA, Tulipora^ Isis, Gwgonia, Antipathes, Pennatula^ 

 Lobularia, Alcyonium, Chona, &c. 



Perhaps the greatest innovation in this arrangement, is the placing of the 

 Madrepores in the same class with the Actinia. This is the result of thtj 

 interesting observations of Messrs. Quoy and Gaimard, made in the 

 course of the late French voyages of discovery. Their researches have 

 left no doubt of the resemblance in structure between the animals which 

 form the Madrepores, and the Actinice. In describing the Amorphozoa^ 

 the author does justice to the valuable researches of our countryman, 

 Dr. Grant, on the anatomy and functions of the sponge. 



Some Observations on the Common Bat of Pennant, By the 

 Rev. L. Jknyns, M.A. F.L.S.— Lm. Trans. XVI. 169. 



31r. Jenyns considers our common bat to be identical with the Pipistrelle 

 of French authors, differing from the Vespertilio murinus, Lin. f to which 

 species it has been commonly referred,) in colour and general appear- 

 ance, — in the shape of the auricle and its operculum, and in some of the 

 relative dimensions, — but most palpably in the absolute size. " In the 

 detailed descriptions of the V. murinus, given by GeofFroy and Desma- 

 rest, we find the average measurements of this species to be nearly as 

 follows : — Length of body three inches and a half; head about one inch; 

 tail about two inches ; and the extent of wing fifteen inches and up- 

 wards. Whereas in our common English bat, the length, measured 

 from the nose to the insertion of the tail, is only one inch and seven 

 lines ; that of the head six lines ; of the tail fourteen ; and the extent of 

 the wing rarely, if ever, exceeds eight inches and a half." 



