MODEBK IDEAS OF SANITARY ECONOMY. 



85 



in the air carried up by the draught of the chimneys, falling 

 down in abundance everywhere over the town. 



That the mere burning of the carbon of the smoke is not 

 enough for health may be seen from brick-kilns, although 

 perhaps they do not present a very correct instance, as they 

 give out also the gases from burning vegetable matter in the 

 clay. Still the sulphurous vapour is distinctly recognizable, 

 and they may be mentioned as an example of one of those 

 things that ought not to be allowed to infect a neighbourhood. 

 There has been no fair attempt to improve the mode of 

 burning, and there is no appearance of any attempt to get the 

 clay in such a way as to let the ground be agreeable to the 

 eye, whilst above all things there is no attempt made to put 

 it in order when brickmaking has ceased. There is surely 

 no inherent impossibility in using high chimneys, although 

 some attempts have not succeeded, and as to draining the 

 ground, it is a self-evident duty. It is a curious thing, that 

 whether through the cunning of the brickmakers, or a very 

 common perversity of reasoning, it has come to be actually 

 believed that it is wholesome to breathe the vapour from 

 the kilns. 



I have been saying that it is impossible to have a complete 

 drainage as a town ; we must have the whole district under 

 one system, simply because whatever we may be called, 

 whether Manchester, Bolton, or Bury, we are subjected to the 

 same evils, and must work together for the same remedy. 

 The same is the case as to manufactures. If we put out of 

 the borough all disagreeable manufactures, we only send them 

 to our neighbours, who may, after all, be so near us that we 

 shall still feel the mischief. And where are nuisances to be 

 sent ? The whole of South Lancashire is like a towUj some 

 of it thinly peopled, but on an average a well-peopled town ; 

 so of other places. There has been a constant desire felt to 

 avoid large towns ; and very numerous small ones, from this as 

 well as other causes, have sprung up ; the former, however^ 



