Geological Society. 219 



April 3. — ^The following papers were read : — 



1 . "On the Traces of the Action of Glaciers at Forth Treiddyn, 

 in Caernarvonshire." By Mr, R. W. Byres. 



The author notices a number of evidences of glacial action, in- 

 stances of rounded, polished, furrowed and striated rocks in the 

 neighbourhood of Tremadoc, similar to those observed in several lo- 

 calities around Snowdon by the Rev. Dr. Buckland. 



2. " On the occurrence of Fossils in the Boulder Clay." By Mr. 

 R. Harkness. 



Fossils are rare in the boulder clay, and are only found in the 

 thicker parts of it. Such portions the author considers as having 

 been deposited in a deep sea, the lower parts of which had a tem- 

 perature sufficiently warm for the support of organized beings. In 

 the thicker beds the boulders are rounded and polished. Such parts 

 of the clay as are free from fossils, and contain angular boulders, 

 Mr. Harkness considers to indicate the former existence of a shallow 

 sea, with a temperature so cold as to prevent the existence of animal 

 life. Fossiliferous localities occur in the boulder clay of the south- 

 western parts of Lancashire, where the marl abounds with remains 

 of shells, mostly in a fragmentary state. 



3. A letter was read from Dr. Owen Rees on the question of the 

 existence of Fluoric Acid in recent Bones, which the experiments of 

 Dr. Rees would go to disprove. The bones examined by him were 

 tested both before and after calcination, but in no case could he de- 

 tect the least trace of fluoric acid in recent human bone. In fossil 

 bones it exists in large proportions*. 



April 1 7 . — The following papers were read : — 



1. "Observations on the Geology of tl^e Southern Part of the 

 Gulf of Smyrna and the Promontory of Karabournoo." By Lieut. T. 

 Spratt, R.N. 



The author takes up the geology of the neighbourhood of Smyrna 

 at the point where the observations of Messrs. Strickland and Ha- 

 milton terminate f, and gives a detailed account of the schists and 

 limestones of Mount Corax and Cape Karabournoo, and of the ex- 

 tensive freshwater tertiary formation which borders them on the 

 sea-coast, and is continued into several of the neighbouring islands. 

 He notices the presence of igneous rocks of two distinct ages, viz. 

 serpentine, older than the tertiary, and trap, which had been 

 erupted after the deposition of the tertiary, greatly disturbing, and 

 in places overflowing it. His observations prove the existence at a 

 former period of a great freshwater lake in the eastern part of the 

 Archipelago, where now there is a deep sea. 



2. "Note on the Fossils found in the Tertiary Formations de- 

 scribed in the preceding paper." By the Curator. 



An examination of the fossils found in the freshwater beds, de- 

 scribed by Lieut, Spratt, shows that formation to have been deposited 

 during the Eocene period. 



3. " On the Remains of Fishes found by Mr. Kaye and Mr. Cunliffe 

 in the Pondicherry Beds." By Sir Philip Grey Egerton, Bart., M.P. 



In this paper the author describes fourteen species, mostly new, 

 [* See p. 222, supra.'] [t See Phil. Mag. S. 3. vol. xi. p. 202.] 



