20 Mr Stevenson on the Defects of Bain-Gauges, 



Six did not observe rain rebound out of the gauge, while 

 twetve did ; six did not observe hail rebound, while twenty did. 



The following short extracts from some of these returns go 

 far to shew the great tendency to error produced by the rim 

 and funnel. The receivers of the instruments are elevated 

 4i feet above the ground. 



Light-house, Inchkeith, — '" When the wind (says the Light- 

 Keeper's Return) is high, no snow, and very little rain, goes 

 into it." 



Buchanness. — " When there is little or no wind, it is pretty 

 near the truth — the more wind the farther from the truth." 



Kinnairdhead. — *' On the 21st (December 1841) it blew a 

 gale, with snow and sleet, when very little, if any, went into 

 it, and what went into it was soon blown out again, and there 

 was no water in it next morning except a few drops." 



Tarbetness. — '* On the 21st there was snow, with strong 

 breezes, and none rested in the gauge ; it all went right over." 



Dunnet Head. — " A part blows over that should fall in. 

 On the 21st, in a gale with snow and hail, although we were 

 three times at the gauge that day we did not see any snow or 

 hail fall into the funnel ; it blew wholly over." 



Pentland Skerries. — " It was a gale while it lasted, and the 

 hail bounded against the/ww«e/ nearly 3 inches, and was carried 

 away with the wind, so that little remained of this shower." 



Start Point. — *' There is a great deal of hail, and some rain, 

 sparks out^ 



Cape IVrath. — (In a hail-shower) " Our observation was, 

 that there was not one particle stopped in the gauge." 



Island Glass. — " We have frequently seen hail rebound out 

 when it strikes near the top or mouth of the filler.^'' * « * 



*' It does not give a correct result in gales of wind. For 

 example, on the 13th instant, we had the strongest wind with 

 rain of any this month. I on that forenoon watched the gauge 

 from 11 till 12, until perfectly drenched^ and in that time there 

 were but two parts in the gauge. The wind moderated at 

 12, but the rain continued the same, and at 2 p. m. there were 

 eleven parts in it." 



Lismore. — " When it rains, with strong winds, there is not 

 a fair proportion enters, and a great deal more hail rebounds 

 out than goes in. In proof of our remarks there have been* 



