THE NORTH- WEST OF ENGL I 119 



led to some extent for the purpose of making lime, but, 

 from the quantity of unused stone left in the quarry, the 

 attempt does not appear to have proved very successful. It 

 dips 15° west of north, at an angle of 15°. I observed 



nlal stems in it, but no other fossils. This limestone is 

 succeeded by a purplish-red coloured sandstone, much lami- 

 nated, and containing many worm holes, similar to those of 

 the Arenicola carbonaria, and some singular contorted worm 

 coils and tracks. In all its characters this sandstone so much 

 resembles the rock termed Smardale sandstone,* and found 

 low down in the mountain limestone at Smardale, and in the 

 bed of the Belah at Whitrigg, near Kirby Stephen, that I 

 have no hesitation in pronouncing it to be of the same 

 geological age. Then come beds of canky stone and purple- 

 coloured marls. These are succeeded by a bed of hard lime- 



• of a cellular structure and a reddish-brown colour, very 

 much resembling the permian limestones of South Lancashire, 

 and not to be distinguished from similar beds of mountain 

 one found in the bed of the Belah. In this limestone 

 I detected crinoidal stems. Next came red marls and shales, 

 with a short distance on the bank of the stream covered up 

 with drift, so as not to be visible. Up to this point, no 

 doubt, the strata are carboniferous, but here commence a 

 series of red marls, containing circular concretions of a greenish 

 colour, with a black spot in the middle, parted by sandy beds, 

 some of which contain ripple marks. These strata occupy the 

 brook course between the two bridges, and exactly resemble 

 some beds seen in the river Ayr, near Catrine, in Ayrshire, 

 and on the beach near Methill Harbour, on the coast of Fife. 

 Although these deposits have as yet afforded no fossil remains, 

 I am inclined to regard them as permian rather than carbo- 

 niferous. Next comes a laminated sandstone, fine-grained, 



" See Profe«or Sedgwick'* paper On the Lower Palaxnoic Rock* at the 

 bate of the Carboniferous Chain between Rarenetone Dale and Ribbleedale. 

 Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, Vol VIII., page 43. 



