190 SAXIFRAGACEAE. 



Saxifraga tolmiei T. & G. Densely tufted, the leafy stems short and 

 branched, nearly prostrate; leaves glabrous, crowded, succulent, spatulate, 

 6-10 mm. long, the margins entire and revolute; peduncles erect, scape-like, 

 5-10 cm. high, glandular, 1-6-flowered; sepals ovate, obtuse; petals oblong, 

 unguiculate, white, twice as long as the sepals; filaments dilated; carpels often 

 3 or 4, united only at base, 8-10 mm. long. 



Abundant in the mountains along rivulets at about 2000 m. altitude. First 

 collected by Tolmie, probably on Mount Rainier. 



Saxifraga bronchialis austromontana (Wiegand) Piper. Stems tufted, 

 densely leafy, erect or ascending, 10-20 cm. high; leaves coriaceous, subulate- 

 lanceolate, 5-10 cm. high; flowers cymose; sepals ovate, obtuse; petals white 

 with a few yellow spots, oblong, 5-6 mm. long. 



Common in the mountains on rock cliffs at 1500-2000 m. altitude. 



Saxifraga bronchialis vespertina (Small) Rosendahl. Differs from 5. 

 bronchialis austromontana in having the leaves oblong-spatulate, obtuse or 

 obtusish, and the cymes larger and looser. 



On rock cliffs at low altitudes. 



Saxifraga cespitosa L. Densely tufted, glandular-pubescent, 5-15 cm. 

 high; leaves crowded, spatulate, 6-20 mm. long, mostly 3-lobed or 3-cleft, with 

 linear obtuse lobes; peduncles leafy-bracted, glandular, 1-6-flowered; sepals 

 ovate, obtuse; petals white, oblong, often retuse, 5-6 mm. long. 



Rocky slopes and cliffs. Two forms occur in our limits, one high alpine, 

 densely cespitose, the leaves with short obtuse lobes and obscure veins; the 

 other from cliffs along the Columbia River and the San Juan Islands, with 

 thinner prominently veined leaves and a taller looser habit. The latter 

 approaches closely S. cespitosa laxa Koch. The former is scarcely matched 

 in European material. This has recently been proposed as a new species by 

 Small under the name Muscaria emarginata, the type being Elmer No. 2649 

 collected in the Olympic Mountains. This plant is, however, much nearer to 

 true 5. cespitosa than is the thin-leaved form. 



Saxifraga adscendens L. Glandular-pubescent, 3-10 cm. high; leaves 

 mostly basal, cuneate to spatulate, mostly 3-toothed, ciliate, 5-10 mm. long; 

 flowers few, in a compact cyme; sepals ovate, glandular; petals white, cuneate- 

 oblong, clawed, 3-nerved, 3 mm. long. 



On rocks in the mountains, known in our limits only from Mount Baker, 

 Flett. 



Saxifraga debilis Engelm. Loosely tufted, somewhat glandular-pubescent; 

 stems 3-10 cm. high, ascending; basal leaves roundish, thin, crenately lobed, 

 5-15 mm. long, petioled, the cauline few-lobed or entire; sepals ovate, obtuse; 

 petals white, oblong, clawed, 3-7 mm. long. 



In rock crevices in the mountains. In our limits known only from Mount 

 Rainier, Allen. 



Saxifraga nuttallii Small. (S. elegans Nutt.) Glabrous, 5-30 cm. high; 

 stems slender, branched, leafy; leaves oval to ovate, entire or 3-toothed at 

 apex, 4-10 mm. long, the lower ones petiolate; flowers white, on slender pedi- 

 cels; sepals triangular, acute or acuminate; petals oblong, obtuse, 4-5 mm. 

 long; follicles united below, diverging above. 



On wet banks and cliffs, western Oregon; rare and local. 



Saxifraga bongardi Presl. Pubescent and somewhat glandular; stems 

 10-30 cm. high; leaves mostly in a basal rosette, oblanceolate or spatulate, 

 toothed above the middle, 2-6 cm. long, the petiole broad and short; inflores- 

 cence loosely paniculate; flowers white, some of them often replaced by leafy 

 bulblets; sepals ovate, reflexed; petals lanceolate, clawed, unequal, white with 

 two yellowish spots at base, 4-6 mm. long. 



Common along alpine rills. 



