112 ORCHIDACEAE. 



spikes; lateral sepals free, the upper ones united with the petals 

 into a hood-like structure (galea)-, lip sessile, entire, roundish, 

 ovate, concave or saccate, without protuberances, its apex re- 

 flexed; anther without a lid, erect or incumbent, attached to 

 the column by a short stalk; pollinia composed of angular grains, 

 one in each sac, attached to a small disk which coheres with 

 the top of the stigma. 



Peramium decipiens (Hook.) Piper. Rattlesnake Plantain. Scape 15-30 

 cm. tall, erect, glandular-puberulent, bearing several short bracts; leaves ovate, 

 acute, with a broken white stripe down the midvein, 3-5 cm. long, short- 

 petioled; spike bracteate, densely many-flowered, 610 cm. long, one-sided; 

 perianth glandular-hairy, white, the sepals and petals 6-8 mm. long, about 

 as long as the glandular ovary; lip concave, erect, the tip recurved, obtuse; 

 column short, straight. 



Common in mossy woods. 



143. EPIPACTIS. 



Tall stout leafy herbs with creeping rootstocks; leaves green, 

 clasping the stem; flowers in terminal leafy-bracted racemes; 

 sepals and petals separate; spur none; lip free, sessile, broad, 

 concave below, the upper portion dilated and petal-like; column 

 erect, short; anther 1, erect; capsule oblong, beakless. 



Epipactis gigantea Dougl. Stout and leafy, 30-100 cm. high, nearly 

 smooth; leaves ovate below, reduced to narrowly lanceolate upwards, 8-20 

 cm. long, acute or acuminate, somewhat scabrous on the veins beneath; 

 raceme pubescent; flowers 310, greenish, strongly veined with purple, with 

 large foliaceous bracts on slender pedicels, 46 mm. long; sepals ovate-lanceo- 

 late, 12-16 mm. long, the upper concave; petals a little smaller, shorter; 

 anther 4 mm. long. 



In moist places, rare. 



Sub-class II. DICOTYLEDONES. 



Embryo with two cotyledons; stem usually differentiated 

 into bark, wood and pith; wood cells forming annual rings; 

 leaves mostly net-veined; parts of flowers in fours or 

 fives, rarely in twos or sixes. 



Family 25. SALICACEAE. WILLOW FAMILY. 



Trees or shrubs with light wood, bitter bark and brittle twigs; 

 leaves alternate; stipules often minute; flowers solitary in the 

 axil of each bract, dioecious, both staminate and pistillate in 

 aments which expand wither before the leaves; staminate amen ts 

 often pendulous; pistillate pendulous, erect or spreading; stami- 

 nate flowers of 1-many hypogynous stamens, subtended by a 

 gland-like or cup-shaped disk; pistillate flower consisting of a sessile 



