108 ORCHIDACEAE. 



veined with purple, oblong, 30-50 mm. long; sterile anther somewhat tri- 

 angular, yellow with purple spots, about 1 cm. long. 



In moist open woods, rare in our limits. Victoria, Vancouver Island, 

 Fletcher; Seattle, Piper. 



134. CORALLORHIZA. CORAL ROOT. 



Scapose herbs, saprophytes or root-parasites with large masses 

 of coral-like branching roots; leaves all reduced to sheathing 

 scales; flowers in terminal racemes; sepals nearly equal, the 

 lateral ones united at the base with the foot of the column, 

 forming a short spur or protuberance, usually adnate to the sum- 

 mit of the ovary; third sepal free; petals about as long as the 

 sepals, 1-3-nerved; lip 3-ridged; column nearly free, slightly 

 incurved, somewhat 2-winged; anther terminal; pollinia 4, in two 

 pairs, oblique, free, soft-waxy. 



Spur none; petals and sepals purple, veiny. C. striata. 

 Spur prominent; petals and sepals 3-nerved. 



Spur wholly attached to the ovary. C. maculata. 



Spur free for its apical half. C. mertensiana. 



Corallorhiza striata Lindl. Whole plant reddish-purple, 15-40 cm. high, 

 the spike 15-25-flowered; sepals and petals each with 3 conspicuous nerves; 

 lip entire, somewhat fleshy, ovate, narrowed below, concave and bearing 2 

 short prominent ridges near the base. 



In dry woods. 



Corallorhiza maculata Raf. (C. multiflora occidentalis Lindl.) Whole 

 plant reddish or sometimes yellowish, 20-30 cm. high; raceme 10-30-flowerecl; 

 sepals and petals 6-8 mm. long; lip broad and 3-lobed at base, spotted with 

 crimson spots; spur wholly adnate to the ovary. 



In deep woods not rare, especially at low altitudes in the mountains. 



Corallorhiza mertensiana Bong. Scape 20-40 cm. high; raceme many- 

 flowered; sepals and petals 6-8 mm. long, dark-red; lip oblong, narrowed at 

 base, entire; spur half-free from the ovary. 



In mountain woods, common. 



135. CEPHALANTHERA. 



Leafy plants with creeping rootstocks, saprophytic with leaves 

 reduced to scarious bracts (in ours) ; flowers erect, white, in a 

 terminal -raceme, very similar to Epipactis but with a longer and 

 more slender column; stigma beakless; anther short-stalked, 

 nearly or quite above the level of the stigma. 



Cephalanthera austinae (Gray) Heller; Whole plant waxy white, 30-50 

 cm. high, slender, erect; bracts linear-lanceolate, the lower with dilated sheaths; 

 flowers 3-20, nearly sessile; sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate, subequal; 

 lip short, saccate at base. 



In deep woods, especially in the mountains. Very rare. 



136. CYTHEREA. 



Herbs with solid bulbs and coral-like roots; leaf at the base of 

 the stem solitary, petioled; scape low, 1 -flowered, sheathed by 



