260 UMBELLIFERAE. 



serrate 'and more or less incised; umbels 2-9-rayed; pedicels mostly 1-2 cm. 

 long; involucels none; fruit 16-20 mm. long, bristly-hairy on the ribs, the 

 carpels distinctly beaked, much narrowed at the base. 

 In woods, common. 



Osmorhiza leibergii (Coult. & Rose) Suksdorf. Very similar to O. divari- 

 cata; pedicels 10-15 mm. long, longer than the fruit; fruit slightly hispid at 

 base, otherwise nearly glabrous, blunt at the tip. 



In the Cascade and Olympic Mountains. 



343. HERACLEUM. 



Tall stout perennials; leaves large, ternately compound; in- 

 volucres deciduous ; involucels of numerous bractlets; flowers 

 white, in large many- rayed umbels; calyx- teeth small or obsolete; 

 petals obcordate, the outer ones often dilated and 2-cleft; stylo- 

 podium thick conical; fruit broadly ovate, very much flattened 

 dorsally, somewhat pubescent; carpel with dorsal and inter- 

 mediate ribs filiform, the broad lateral wings contiguous to those 

 of the other carpel, strongly nerved toward the outer margin; 

 oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, conspicuous, about half as 

 long as the carpel, 2-4 on the commissural side; seed very much 

 flattened dorsally. 



Heracleum lanatum Michx. Cow Parsnip. Very stout, 1-2 m. tall, 

 pubescent throughout; leaves ternate or biternate; petioles much dilated; 

 leaflets round-cordate, 10-25 cm. broad, irregularly lobed and dentate; rays 

 5-15 cm. long; fruit obcordate, 8-12 mm. broad, the oil-tubes conspicuous. 



Abundant in wet places, the young shoots used as food by the Indians. 



344. COGSWELLIA. 



Acaulescent or short caulescent dry ground perennials; roots 

 fusiform or tuberous; leaves ternate to dissected, sometimes 

 pinnate; involucre none; involucels mostly present; flowers yellow, 

 white or purple; calyx-teeth obsolete or very rarely evident; 

 stylopodium wanting; fruit strongly flattened dorsally, oblong 

 to orbicular; carpel with filiform and approximate dorsal and 

 intermediate ribs and winged laterals coherent till maturity 

 with those of the other carpel; pericarp thin; oil-tubes 1 -several 

 in the intervals (rarely obsolete), 2-10 on the commissural side; 

 seed dorsally flattened, with plane face (rarely slightly concave). 



Peduncles stout, usually swollen at top; herbage glaucous. C. nudicaulis. 

 Peduncles slender, never swollen at top; herbage green. 



Bractlets conspicuous. C. utriculata. 



Bractlets small or wanting. 



Leaves ternate. C. triternata. 



Leaves pinnate. 



Oil-tubes 3 in each interval. C. halln. 



Oil-tubes 1 in each interval. 



Fruit with wings as broad as body. C. martindalei. 



Fruit with wings narrower than body. C. angustuta. 



