SCROPHULARIACEAE. 315 



441. NICOTIANA. TOBACCO. 



Rank acrid-narcotic herbs; leaves mostly entire; flowers in 

 racemes or panicles, sometimes showy; calyx bell-shaped or 

 oblong, 5-toothed or lobed, persistent; corolla commonly funnel- 

 form or salverform, the plaited border 5-lobed; stigma capitate, 

 somewhat 2-lobed; fruit a smooth, 2-4-valved, 2-celled capsule; 

 seeds numerous, small. 



Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh. Viscid-pubescent; stems stout, branched 

 from near the base, 30-60 cm. high; basal leaves ovate-lanceolate, the cauline 

 oblong to lanceolate, acute, narrowed at base, sessile or nearly so, 10-15 cm. 

 long; flowers few; calyx-lobes shorter than the tube; corolla white, 3-4 cm. 

 broad, its lobes rounded; capsule globose. 



Willamette Valley, Oregon, formerly cultivated by the Indians. 



Family 90. SCROPHULARIACEAE. FIGWORT FAMILY. 



Herbs or some shrubby; leaves alternate or opposite, without 

 stipules; flowers perfect, mostly complete and irregular; corolla 

 irregular, more or less 2-lipped, the upper lip 2-lobed, the lower 

 3-lobed; stamens on the corolla-tube, the fertile 4 and didyna- 

 mous or only 2, rarely 5 present and all fertile; style single; stigma 

 entire or 2-lobed; fruit a 2-celled usually many-seeded capsule, 

 with axile placenta; seeds mostly small; endosperm copious. 



Anther-bearing stamens 5; leaves alternate. 442. VERBASCUM, 316. 



Anther-bearing stamens 2 or 4; leaves alternate, 



opposite or whorled. 

 Fifth sterile stamen present. 



Corolla spurred at base. 443. LINARIA, 316. 



Corolla not spurred. 



Sterile stamen elongated, filament-like. 

 Seeds wingless; anthers woolly or 



glabrous. 444. PENTSTEMON, 317. 



Seeds winged; anthers woolly. 445. CHELONE, 319. 



Sterile stamen represented by a gland or 

 scale on the upper side of the cor- 

 olla-tube. 



Peduncles several-flowered. 446. SCROPHULARIA, 319. 



Peduncles 1-flowered. 



Corolla conspicuously 2-lipped. 447. COLLINSIA, 319. 

 Corolla nearly rotate. 448. TONELLA, 320. 



Fifth sterile stamen wanting. 



Stamens 4, 2 anther-bearing, 2 sterile. 



Sterile filaments 2-forked, exserted. 449. ILYSANTHES, 320. 



Sterile filaments simple, included. 450. GRATIOLA, 320. 



Stamens all anther-bearing. 

 Stamens 2. 



Calyx 5-parted. 450. GRATIOLA, 320. 



Calyx 4-parted. 



Leaves alternate, mostly basal. 451. SYNTHYRIS, 321. 

 Leaves opposite, at least the 



lower. 452. VERONICA, 322. 



