354 COMPOSITAE. 



series of tegules, the outer ones calyculate; flowers yellow; re- 

 ceptacle naked; akenes 8-10-ribbed, broadest at the truncate 

 summit; pappus bristles 5 or 10, broadened and scale-like at 

 base, the long tip scabrous to plumose. 



Leaves all basal, entire or nearly so. 5. borealis. 

 Leaves mostly dentate or lobed, one or more cauline. 



Pappus scales each attenuate into an awn-like tip. S. leptosepala. 



Pappus scales abruptly awned. S. laciniata. 



Scorzonella borealis (Bong.) Greene. (Apargidium boreale (Bong.) 

 T. & G.) Glabrous; leaves all basal, linear-lanceolate, entire or obscurely 

 denticulate, 6-15 cm. long, narrowed at each end; scapes 10-30 cm. high; 

 involucre 12-15 mm. high; principal tegules 10-15, lanceolate, acuminate, 

 with as many shorter ones; akenes columnar; pappus barbellate, brownish. 



Wet meadows, Alaska, southward in the mountains to northern California. 



Scorzonella leptosepala Nutt. Glabrous; stems slender, 30-50 cm. high; 

 leaves linear to lanceolate, entire, dentate or variously pinnatifid; involucre 12- 

 16 mm. high; tegules 6-12, lanceolate or the outer ovate-lanceolate, all grad- 

 ually attenuate; akenes columnar; pappus scales 8 or 10, ovate-lanceolate to 

 lanceolate, gradually tapering into the awn. 



Washington to California in low meadows; first collected by Nuttall near 

 the mouth of the Willamette River. 



Scorzonella laciniata (Hook.) Nutt. Herbage glabrous, somewhat glau- 

 cous; stems 30-50 cm. high, few-leaved, sparingly branched; leaves narrowly 

 lanceolate, mostly incisely pinnatifid into narrow lobes, rarely only toothed or 

 entire, 10-30 cm. long; involucre 2-3 cm. high; tegules lanceolate, broadest 

 at base, abruptly acuminate; akenes columnar, 4 mm. long; scales of the pappus 

 8-10, entire, the body triangular ovate, tipped with a bristle 8 or 9 times 

 longer. 



Open prairies, Washington to California. S. procera (Gray) Greene has 

 also been reported from within our limits but the specimens seen are immature 

 and doubtful. It is similar to S. laciniata but stouter, the leaves most often 

 entire or nearly so; heads larger; akenes 6 mm. long with brownish pappus 

 scales abruptly attenuate and long-awned. 



489. MICROSERIS. 



Acaulescent glabrous annuals with milky juice; leaves entire 

 or variously lobed or cleft; heads nodding when in bud; involucre 

 cylindric or hemispheric; tegules in 2 or 3 series, the outer very 

 short, the inner thin, subequal, acuminate; receptacle flat, 

 alveolate; ligulate corollas yellow; akenes cylindric, 8- or 10- 

 ribbed; scales of the pappus 5 or 10, rarely 4 or 8, broad at base, 

 tapering and awn-like above, scabrous, never plumose. 



Microseris bigelovii Gray. Annual; leaves lanceolate to linear, entire or 

 dentate or pinnately lobed or parted, 3-6 cm. long; scapes 10-30 cm. high; 

 involucre campanulate, 6 mm. high, the principal tegules lanceolate, acute, 

 the calyculate ones of two lengths; akenes 4-5 mm. long, oblong, not contracted 

 at the summit, the outer ones sometimes villous; pappus-scales brown, oblong- 

 lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, the awns two or three times as long as the body. 



Vancouver Island and Oregon to California; not known from Washington. 



