POACEAE. 59 



Panicularia borealis Nash. Stems weak, erect, glabrous, 50-100 cm. tall; 

 leaf blades 8-20 cm. long, pale green, nearly smooth; sheaths loose, longer than 

 the internodes; panicle lax, 15-30 cm. long, the branches single or in twos, 

 usually short and erect; spikelets linear, 10-15 mm. long; lemmas thin, 3.5-4 

 mm. long, 7-nerved, the nerves minutely hispid. 



In shallow ponds and ditches. 



Panicularia leptostachya (Buckl.) Piper n. comb. (Clyceria leptostachya 

 Buckl.; Panicularia davyi Merrill.) Much like P. borealis; sheaths scabrous; 

 spikelets 10-16 mm. long; lemma scabrous all over the back, truncate; 

 glumes very short. 



In ponds, rare. 



Panicularia occidentalis Piper n. sp. Pale green, flaccid, 60-90 cm. high; 

 sheaths smooth, longer than the internodes; ligules large, 4-8 mm. long; 

 blades flat, scabrous above, smooth beneath, 5-9 mm. broad, 8-20 cm. long; 

 panicle loose, spreading, usually enclosed at base, 30-50 cm. long; branches 

 in about 7 series, scabrous, a long one and one or two short ones at each 

 joint; spikelets 18-20 mm. long, 6-9-flowered; rachilla slender, cernuous; 

 glumes hyaline, the lower broadly ovate, obtuse, 1.5 mm. long, the upper 

 oblong, acutish, 3 mm. long; lemma firm, strongly nerved, 5-6 mm. long, 

 acutish, narrowly hyaline-margined, scabrous-puberulent all over the back. 



Type specimen collected at Vancouver, Washington, C. V. Piper no. 4905, 

 June 5, 1904; also collected at Sauvies Island, Oregon, Thos. Howell, May 

 1881; Salem, Oregon, E. Hall, no. 630, in 1871. Most nearly related to P. 

 leptostachya (Buckl.) Piper; differing in its broader leaf-blades, smooth sheaths 

 and larger spikelets and florets. 



Panicularia pauciflora (Presl) Kuntze. Stems 50-100 cm. high, smooth; 

 leaf blades 10-20 cm. long, nearly 1 cm. broad, acute, scabrous; sheaths nearly 

 equalling the internodes; panicle loose, 15-20 cm. long, usually purplish, its 

 base included in the upper sheath; branches slender, spreading, 2-5 at a node, 

 flower-bearing above the middle; spikelets 4-5 mm. long, 4-6-flowered; lem- 

 mas prominently 5-nerved, rarely 7-nerved. 



Common in springy places. 



Panicularia nervata elata (Nash) Piper. Stems 60-90 cm. high; leaves 

 linear, dark-green, 15-30 cm. long, 6-10 mm. wide; panicle loose, at length 

 drooping; spikelets 2-4 mm. long. 



In wet places, common. 



Panicularia americana (Torr.) MacM. Reed Meadow-grass. Stems stout, 

 100-150 cm. high; leaf blades 6-15 mm. wide; panicle large and loose, 20-40 

 cm. long, nodding at the top; spikelets 4-7-flowered; upper glume 2-2.5 mm. 

 long. 



In wet places, not common in our limits. 



84. PUCCINELLIA. 



Tufted perennial grasses of seacoast or alkaline regions; 

 spikelets as in Panicularia, but lemmas firmer, usually smaller, 

 often sub-acute and minutely pubescent at base, the nerves 

 obscure. 



Panicle narrow, its base usually inclosed in the upper sheath, 



erect or the short lower branches sometimes divergent. P. angustata. 



Panicle well exserted, the branches becoming divaricate or re- 

 flexed. P. distans. 



