362 COMPOSITAE. 



500. COLEOSANTHUS. 



Herbs or undershrubs with opposite or alternate leaves; heads 

 whitish; involucre campanulate, the tegules striate-nerved, im- 

 bricated, lanceolate or linear, the outer shorter, none herbaceous; 

 receptacle flat, naked; pappus one row of separate capillary 

 barbed or scabrous bristles. 



Coleosanthus grandiflorus (Hook.) Kuntze. Glabrous or puberulent; 

 stems erect, much branched, 60-90 cm. high; leaves triangular-ovate, cordate 

 or truncate at base, acuminate, crenate-dentate, 5-10 cm. long; inflorescence 

 cymose-paniculate: heads drooping, each about 40-flowered; involucral bracts 

 thin, the outer short and ovate, the inner oblong-linear; akenes minutely 

 hispid, not glandular. 



In rocky places along the Columbia River at Wyeth, Oregon, and probably 

 in our limits. First collected by Douglas. 



501. GRINDELIA. GUM PLANT. 



Biennial or perennial herbs; leaves sessile or partly clasping; 

 heads yellow, medium or rather large, solitary, terminating leafy 

 branches or occasionally more or less corymbose, many-flowered, 

 gummy; ray-flowers fertile, numerous, narrow, or rarely none; 

 tegules numerous, narrow; receptacle flat or convex; pappus of 

 2-8 rigid and early-deciduous awns; style-branches tipped with 

 an appendage; akenes compressed or turgid or the outermost 

 somewhat 3-angled. 



Heads 6-8 mm. high; tegules stiff, strongly recurved at 



tip. 



Ray-flowers present. G. nana. 



Ray-flowers absent. G. nana columbiana, 



Heads 10-12 mm. high; tegules softer, straight or 



moderately recurved at tip. 



Cauline leaves broadest at base. G. integrifolia. 



Cauline leaves not broadest at base. 



Herbage wholly glabrous. G. oregana. 



Herbage sparsely pubescent. G. oregana wilkesiana. 



Grindelia nana Nutt. Stems erect, 15-60 cm. high, simple or branched 

 above; basal leaves spatulate, petioled, the upper sessile and partly clasping, 

 entire or serrate, glabrous; heads hemispherical, 10-14 mm. broad; bracts 

 with slender revolute tips, sticky-viscid; ray-flowers 16-30, 5-8 cm. long; 

 akenes narrow, somewhat 2-toothed at summit; pappus awns 2 or 3. 



In thin soils, usually abundant where found. First found near Fort Van- 

 couver, Washington, by Nuttall. Common in the Willamette Valley. 



Grindelia nana columbiana Piper. Ray-flowers wanting; otherwise the 

 same as G. nana. 



Near Portland, Oregon, and common east of the Cascade Mountains. 



Grindelia integrifolia DC. Sparsely villous and pubescent, not glutinous; 

 stems stout, about 50-90 cm. high, often branched above; cauline leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate to ovate, membranaceous, entire or sometimes serrate, 

 acute or acuminate, 6-10 cm. long, sessile and broadest at base, the radical 

 petioled; involucre 10-12 mm. high, surrounded by more or less foliaceous 

 bracts; tegules subulate, setaceous. 



