56 Dr Boue on the Geography and Geology of 



tuation. It has served more than once as the last refuge of the 

 Servians in their wars, and as the place from which they again 

 commenced hostilities. The native abode of Prince Milosh is 

 also in this district. The hills are rounded, and thickly wooded 

 to their summits, with meadows interspersed here and there. 

 The height of the two highest, the Great and Small Sturacz, 

 cannot much exceed 2000 feet. To the east of the Rudnik 

 hills a chain as high as these extends between theKopannik group 

 and that of Szokol, forming the hills of Kosnik, the Gelin, &c. 



All the forests in Servia are composed of oaks (Quercus Ro- 

 bur, Q. pedunculata), amongst which are observed some ashes 

 (Fraxinus excelsior), one species of Tilia, the Cornus mas- 

 cula, a great many wild pear-trees, some apple and cherry trees, 

 and a few hazels. But oaks and pear trees, especially in low 

 situations, are almost the sole forest trees. This vegetation 

 extends so far as to the south of Nissa, and into Moesia Su- 

 perior ; but, south of Prestina, we find the Macedonian se- 

 ries, consisting of the Rhamnus paliurus, the Dlctamnus albus, 

 the Salvia horminum, together with several particular species 

 of oak and willow. In Albania many oaks and chesnut trees, 

 as also the Acer tataricum, exist in the forests, the soil of which 

 is dolomitic. 



The Grecian vegetation, Acanthus spinosus, Colutea arbores- 

 cens, &c. extends to Castoria ; but, in Southern Macedonia, we 

 find a Mediterranean vegetation, the evergreen oak, cvpress, 

 Grenada tree, Platanus orientalis, Colutea arborescens, Cercis 

 siliquastrum,) the walnut and fig tree, &c. The olive tree is 

 much cultivated only to the south of Salonichi in Thessaly. 



9. A most remarkable chain runs nearly north and south through 

 Eastern Servia, between the broad and fertile valley of the Mo- 

 rava, and the Danube, being a continuation of the hills of the 

 Bannat ; but, from the heights of Tagodin to Sophia, the chain 

 turns more to the east, so that the direction is nearly NW. and 

 SE. In it is the vast channel through which the Bulgarian 

 Morava, the Nissava, and Isker have their course. This chain 

 is higher than the central hills of Servia, and perhaps attains, or 

 even exceeds 3000 feet in elevation. To the north of Nissa, 

 these hills are thickly wooded with oaks ; but, further south, the 

 limestone hills are in many places quite bare of vegetation. 



