Dr Boue on the Mode of Travelling in Turkey. 147 



leather strings. To these may also be added two bed-sheets, or 

 two sheets fitted together like a sack. In winter time the furred 

 robe may be advantageous, but in summer insects are apt to 

 take up their abode in it. Straw, and particularly hay, are 

 found in most places, so that, with that addition, one sleeps 

 very comfortably on such a bed as I have described ; and, if 

 the weather is cold, the traveller may add his horse's woollen 

 cloth. A small iron bed-stead appears to me to be quite useless. 

 As Turkish etiquette requires but little attention as to dress, a 

 traveller should take care not to overload himself with clothing. 

 The riding-coat is the common dress for every purpose ; and 

 the dress-coat is scarcely necessary, unless in the maritime large 

 towns. I would also recommend warm, as well as light, trou- 

 sers and vests, and a warm riding-coat, because the temperature 

 is variable in the hilly parts, and the medium temperature is 

 often not so high as one would expect in such latitudes. The 

 north-east wind is very cold, and marks well its origin. I 

 found, in summer, a light short jacket a most comfortable dress 

 on horseback ; and it is also much used in cities during the 

 plague. The best defence against rain is a larger waterproof 

 cloak, or, if one prefers it, one of the heavy, thick, woollen 

 cloths which are used by the Turks. The green pale colour, 

 which is peculiar to the Turkish priests, is to be avoided, either 

 in dress, or for umbrellas. If one wishes always to have clean 

 shoes, it is necessary to carry shoe-blacking, as it is still un- 

 known in most places. Duplicates should be taken of all kinds 

 of physical instruments, spectacles, pencils, colours, &c., as few 

 of these can be replaced or repaired in Turkey. In all Mace- 

 donia I could not even find spirit-of-wine for my hygrometer. 

 It is convenient to carry a small tin pot for making coffee or 

 tea, an iron kettle for making soup and boiling meat, a small 

 iron frying-pan, a large spoon, a pocket apparatus, with spoon, 

 knife, and fork, and a pocket leather-cup ; for although all such 

 things, excepting the knife and fork, are generally to be found 

 in the Turkish inns, they are sometimes awanting, or other 

 people may already have used them ; besides which, one is thus 

 enabled to cook in a more cleanly manner. A fire apparatus, 

 with some wax candles and a candlestick, is also useful ; for 



