Northern and Central Turkey. 



small plateaus covered with oaks, or as barren as those of Dal- 

 matia and Istria. 



In the very ancient basin of Novibazar, we meet with a vast 

 deposit of greyish marly sandstones with coaly fragments of 

 vegetables, and interstratified with grey marls more or less in- 

 durated. It appeared to us that these slightly inclined masses, 

 situated to the N. and N.W. of Novibazar, belonged to the 

 lower cretaceous formation or green sand, and were distinct from 

 the transition-slates and greywackes of the lower part of the 

 Raschka and Ibar. We were confirmed in this idea by the 

 discovery made at Mekinie, one and a-half leagues S. W. of 

 Novibazar, of hippurite limestone with a great many ell-pre- 

 served hippurites, chiefly of two species, (H. cornu pastoris, 

 H. vaccinum), identical with those found in the Alps of Salz- 

 burg. It appears difficult to account for the presence of this 

 deposit at Novibazar, otherwise than by considering it as a local 

 one overlying older formations ; for, as the surrounding hills 

 are very high, I cannot see how it could extend thence into 

 Western Bosnia. 



In crossing rapidly the limestone hills between Kalguilar 

 and Telovo, in Southern Macedonia, I found limestone rocks 

 with various coralline bodies, which I thought might be hip- 

 puritic limestone. A league to the west of lake Telovo, I 

 met with calcareous conglomerate, and black slaty fetid marls 

 like those of the lowest cretaceous system. But as my journey 

 was unfortunately too rapid, I only give this as an indication 

 for future travellers, and shall pay it proper attention on a 

 later occasion. 



For the same reason, I shall not assign an age to the se- 

 condary dolomite and compact limestone between Kalgiular 

 and Ostrovo, and at Kosele. Near Belgrade, 1^ leagues from 

 that city at the entry of the valley of Toprad, I found a patch 

 of compact hippurite limestone, with smooth and striated tere- 

 bratulae, encrinites, and polypiers ; but here the hippurites 

 were broken, and not in their original situation as at Novi- 

 bazar. This small deposit, together with some similar ones in 

 Southern Styria and Carinthia, leads to the presumption that 

 Hungary, perhaps even Sclavonia and northern Bosnia, may 



VOL. XXII. NO. XLIV. APKIL 1837. S 



