Dr Boue on the Geography and Geology of 



stance, between Sarigol and Kalguilar. Similar deposits exist 

 around the lake of Telovo and below Vodena. Moreover, 

 from Telovo to within half a league S. of Vodena, the valley 

 is completely incrusted with a very thick deposit of travertine. 

 This rock presents itself in all possible forms, as calcareous 

 tufa, pulverulent matter, calc-sinter, and freshwater limestone, 

 which is either compact or concretionary. Its beds are very 

 irregular. Two very thick masses occur, the one under the 

 village of Telovo, the other below Vodena, which are easily ac- 

 counted for, on the supposition that the river Telovo formerly 

 fell in the form of cascades at those places, nearly in the same 

 way as it does at present. At Telovo the cascades are three in 

 number, and the height of the highest is at least fifty feet. At 

 Vodena, immediately below the town, there is a double set of 

 cascades ; the first set, consisting of five, falls down a height of 

 from seventy to eighty feet ; the second set is less high but 

 broader. Nothing in all Macedonia is more beautiful than 

 these cascades ; and we may here mention that they have been 

 figured by Cousinery. The white stream of water, surrounded 

 by a most luxuriant Mediterranean vegetation, the large Pla- 

 tanus orientalis, Cercis siliquastrum, immense fig-trees, mul- 

 berry, almond, pomegranate, and peach trees, remind one of 

 Tivoli, near Rome ; but I think the scenery at Vodena is finer 

 and on a larger scale. 



The bottom of the Vistr'itza and lower Vardar basin is also 

 tertiary ; and the argillaceous soil or loss is impregnated with 

 nitre and covered with marshes. The village of Allah-Kilissia, 

 which is nearly on the site of the ancient Pella, is built on a 

 pretty large smooth hill extending N. S., and composed of cal- 

 careous conglomerate, travertine, and lacustrine limestone ; this 

 last has probably been deposited by a mineral spring, as we 

 still find a most abundant spring of excellent water taking its rise 

 from the hill, and making its appearance in the middle of the 

 sterile plain which surrounds it. The interior of a ruined edi- 

 fice, probably a temple, serves as a reservoir for the water ; and 

 six beautiful and very large palms afford shade to the traveller 

 who comes thither to refresh himself. 



The Seres basin has nearly a similar constitution with the 

 last, and contains a vast deposit of travertine at the entrance of 



