Glaciers in Scotland in Ancient Times. 27 



raised beaches. At the lower end of the glacier the debris, 

 joined by other fragmentary matter borne on its central 

 parts, and by fine mud escaping from its bottom, form a dike 

 or angular mound, extending partly or wholly across the valley, 

 which is then called a " terminal moraine." The terminal is a 

 continuation of the lateral moraine, but changed in direction. 



In my paper of 1st October 1845, I expressed an opi- 

 nion that the bank of gravel which extends across the loch 

 at Row had been originally a terminal moraine. I was dis- 

 appointed, however, to find that the district near the head 

 of the loch presented no distinct indications of " lateral mo- 

 raines." My station this year being three miles farther 

 south, I had an opportunity of examining the hills] towards 

 the foot of the loch, and had the satisfaction to find portions 

 of what I considered ancient lateral moraines. 



Fig. 1 is a miniature view of the hills on the east side of 

 Gareloch, as they appear to an eye placed on the hills of the 

 opposite side. 



a, The northern portion, is a saddle-shaped ridge, about 

 600 feet high, presenting a straight and remarkably uniform 

 outline for a length of more than a mile. 



6, Another portion, about one mile long, saddle-shaped, 

 with a very uniform outline, and about 900 feet high. 



c, The southern summit, about 1250 feet high, with a 

 waving outline, and of a roundish shape. 



shor, The line of the shore, which runs out in a project- 

 ing point at Row (Jl o), the form of which will be seen at «, 

 figure 5. 



1, 2, 3, 4, indicate the position of certain terraces, or rather- 

 remnants of terraces, which seem to me to have the character 

 of lateral moraines. 



Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of these terraces, which will 

 give a better idea of their form. About two miles above 

 Row Point, a footpath commencing at the Free Church leads 

 up the hill from the loch side. At an elevation of 500 feet 

 (vertical) a sort of mound or terrace is met with, running 

 south and north along the side of the hill. The numerous 

 streams which descend from the higher parts of the hill have 

 breached it at many places, and aided probably by gliding 



