2n<i S. X. July 21. '60.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



59 



The towers at the north end are 47 ft. apart, 

 and each is 25 ft. 4 in. wide, making the whole 

 breadth of the fa9ade 97 ft. 8 in. 



External Height. 



Of the hall to the parapets - - 45 ft. 1 in. 



Of the hall to the ridee of the roof - 90 



Of the hall to the gables - - - 92 



Of the lantern over the roof - - 130 2 



Of the north towers - - -. - 71 11 



Of the north pinnacle - - - 127 9 



Patoncb. 



Vowel Sounds (S""* S. x. 8.) — J. J. S. will 

 find in the pronouncinfj dictionaries, and in such 

 works as Nares's Orthoepy, materials for the inves- 

 tigation of which he speaks. 



The words to which his second Query refers are 

 all, with the exception of the last, of Semitic 

 origin. And the juxtaposition of the two a's in 

 such words is simply an attempt to represent to 

 the Indo-European eye and ear the nearest ap- 

 proximation to the Semitic form. 



For instance, Aaron is a trisyllable'(p"lLl5!?), in 

 which the initials of the first and second syllables 

 are aspirates. In the LXX. that trisyllable was 

 represented by the word 'Aapijv, whence of course 

 our English form. 



J. J. S. must supply a slight aspirate between 

 the two a's, and throw the accent forward in order 

 to approximate towards the right pronunciation 

 of the words which he instances. W. C. 



The English rules of pronunciation of Hebrew 

 proper names may be found in Walker's Key. 

 The word Aai'oji is so commonly pronounced 

 Ay-ron as to miike it pedantic to use the Hebrew 

 pronunciation Ah'-a-ron. So also Canaan, con- 

 ventionally Cay'-naJi, is in Hebrew Ca-nah'-an. 

 Nay'-a-man, as usually pronounced, is in Hebrew 

 Ndh'-a-man. Bay'-al is Bah'-al. The Arabic 

 words Caaba and Salaam are represented by 

 Lane {Mod. Egypt, ii. 243. 233.) as Kd-a-beh and 

 Se-ldm, where the letters a are like a in " father." 

 Dr. Hyde Clarke makes Kraal a dissyllable, 

 Krd-aL a word imported by the Dutch from the 

 Hottentots, where also the a as in '■^father'''' is the 

 received pronunciation. A as in '■'■day'''' is not 

 properly heard in any of these words. The con- 

 ventional pronunciation of Christian names bor- 

 rowed from the Bible varies much from the 

 Jewish, the latter being far from euphonious to 

 an Englis'n ear. T. J. Buckton. 



Lichfield. 



KiDE V. Drive (2'"^ S. x. 17.) — Allow me to 

 remind Senescens that many expressions to be 

 found in our Authorised Version of the Bible are 

 now vulgarisms. One would not, for instance, in 

 a lady's drawing-room, speak of a young woman 

 as a " wench." The only guide as to what are 

 vulgarisms of speech is the practice of good so- 

 ciety. And I imagine that the use of the word 



" ride," to denote being conveyed in a carriage, 

 is utterly unknown in educated society. At all 

 events, I for one have never heard the word so 

 used by persons of education and good social 

 position. 



Mr. Brisled, who spent some years in the best 

 society which Trinity College, Cambridge, could 

 afford, notes in an essay published some years 

 ago the use of the word " ride " in such a sense 

 as decidedly an Americanism. He evidently had 

 never discovered, during his five years* residence 

 at Cambridge, that educated Englishmen at- 

 tached any other meaning to the word ride than 

 that of being carried on horseback. W. C. 



Charles Johnston (2°'^ S. x. 9.) — ABHBAwill 

 find in Chalmers's Biographical Dictionary an ac- 

 count of Charles Johnston and his writings, about 

 two pages in length, " derived from various anony- 

 mous authorities," with references to several vo- 

 lumes of the Gentleman's Magazine. 'AXievs. 



Dublin. 



A few particulars about him will be found in 

 Rose's Biographical Dictionary, vol. ix. ; in Chal- 

 mers' ditto, vol. xix. ; and in the " Prefatory 

 Memoir," Ballantyne's English Novelists, vol. iv. 



E.. F. Sketchley. 



Stench and Smell (2"* S, x. 7.) — " VIoudel" 

 is a misprint for "Vondel." Smollett did not 

 manufacture the quotation, but probably quoted 

 from memory in a language of which he knew 

 little. It is strange that Vondel, who could write 

 well and easily in verse, should have translated 

 Ovid's Epistles and the Odes and Ars Poetica of 

 Horace into prose. He renders Quis midta gra- 

 cilis ^c. : — 



"O Pynha! wat ranke jongeling, stinkende van civet 

 en muskeljaet, omhelst u op gestroide roozen, in een ge- 

 noegelijk prieel?" — Q. Horatius ¥\a.ccns, Lierzangen en 

 Dichtkunst, vertaelt door J. van Vondel, t' Amsterdam, 

 1703, p. 4. 



I agree with E. M. as to the meaning of stinken, 

 and do not remember any instance of its being 

 used in a complimentary sense. Vondel was a 

 great poet, but an indifferent scholar. Perhaps 

 by " stinkende " he meant overperfumed, as a youth 

 might easily be with such odours. H. B. C. 



U. U. Club. 



Six Towers on the Coast (2"'^ S. ix. 344.) 

 — The Duke of Richmond's " Six brick towers" 

 were never erected, or at least never completed. 

 The money for the purpose was refused by the 

 House of Commons, decided by the Speaker's vote. 



Fort Martello, which repulsed two of our fri- 

 gates, the Fortitude and the Juno, stood on the 

 coast of Corsica. It was taken afterwards by a 

 reaular siege. Lord Hood commanding, 1794- 

 1795. 



See Annual Register, and Universal and Gen- 

 tleman's Magazines for those years. Senex. 



