2"'! S. X. Skpt, 8. '60.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



199 



hours in visiting the remains of antiquity about 

 Rome, and from his studious and retired manner 

 of life obtained the name of the Hermit of Italy. 

 Swaneveldt produced several beautiful etchings 

 of landscapes and animals, and died at Rome in 

 1690. 



In the Art Journal for this month (August) 

 there is an engraving from a picture of Ibbetson's 

 " Going to Labour." He is there stated to have 

 been born at Masham in Yorkshire, where he 

 died in 1817. West is said to have called him 

 the '• Berghem of England ;" a distinction which 

 the critic in the Art Journal considers to be un- 

 deserved, though admitting him to have been 

 usually regarded as a good painter of landscapes 

 with figures and cattle. 



"In his choice of subjects and in his treatment, Ibbet- 

 son evidently studied Gainsborough and Morland ; yet, 

 especially as a colourist, he was far behind both." 



Pilkington says of him : — 



" He was liberally educated, and studied painting for 

 amusement, but rose to such eminence in it that his 

 landscapes were eagerly sought for by collectors of the 

 first rank. He also painted some historical pictures." 



His full name was Julius Caesar Ibbetson. 



R. F. Sketchley. 



Sock AXES (2'"i S. x. 69. 96.) —To appreciate the 

 variety -maker's skill in adapting the anecdote to 

 English taste, so that Xenophon himself could not 

 have recognised it as his own, I send the origi- 

 nal : — 



" Kal 6 Xop/hi'St)? etTre:' ' 'KWa. ti S^Trore, u> 2<oKpaTC?, tj/xSj 

 ix.\v o5t(o tovs ^i'A.0V9 fiopiJioKvTTr] airb twv KaKiav, aiiTOv Se 

 ere, €<^r], iyta elSoy, vol fjLa. TOf 'AttoKKo), ore Trapa tw ypafifxaTi,- 

 trrfj ei/ Tcj) avT<u )3u/3AtM d/x<J>dT€poi ip.a.<TTev€Td Tt, tyju Ki<}>a\T]i' 

 npo^ rfi KedxxKifi, Koi. rbf Sip-ov yujivbi' Trpbs -fvp-vto tov Kpiro/Sou- 

 Aov (o/xb) exovra, Kal 6 SwKparrjs, ^ev, e^ij * ravT apa, €<|>r;, 

 iyui axrirep vTrb 6i\piov Tii'bs SeSijYiiei/os, toi' t€ u>hov irAetof 

 ri TreVre ^/ae'pas uiSa^ovv, koI iv TJj KapSi<f Sxnrep Kvyityp-a. ti eSo- 



Kovp ex""-" — Xenophontis Convivium, c. 4, ed. Bornemann, 

 Lipsia;, 1844, p. 19. 



W. D. 



Bug as a Pkovxncialism (2""' S. ix. 261. 314.) 

 — This word is in very common use not only in 

 Derbyshire, but in Nottinghamshire, with jpre- 

 cisely the same meaning as given by Mr. Jewitt. 

 Tt is, however, used in some parts of Yorkshire 

 to indicate size, or bigness, independently of pride 

 or vanity. I very well remember (more than 

 fifty years ago) hearing it used thus : " Aye, 

 marry, he's a varry hug man," to denote a man 

 above the usual size. It was also very common 

 for lads when inquiring the size of an object, to 

 ask " what hugth is it ? " or, giving the measure 

 of an object, to say, " it's this hugth," showing 

 perhaps the length or thickness by stretching the 

 hands apart, &c. M. B. 



Nottingham. 



Commissary Court of Edinburgh (2"^ S. x. 

 170.) — The. Commissary Court of (not at) Edin- 

 burgh had from the time of the Reformation the 



original cognizance of all questions which oc- 

 curred in Scotland on the subjects of marriage 

 and legitimacy, and could give decree of divorce, 

 not only a meiisa et tore, but a vinculo matrimonii. 

 This part of its jurisdiction was, however, by a 

 statute of 1829, transferred entirely to the Court 

 of Session, which had previously the power of re- 

 viewing its judgments. 



The same Commissary Court still retains as to 

 wills the right it had possessed for the same 

 period, of giving what in England is called Pro- 

 bate and Letters of Administration, denominated 

 in Scotland respectively Confirmation of Testa- 

 ments Testamentary and Testaments Dative. As 

 to this its jurisdiction comprehended the three 

 Lothians, but, by a statute of 1825, is now con- 

 fined to Midlothian or Edinburghshire. That 

 statute abolished the old commissariats, each of 

 which embraced several counties, and constituted 

 the sheriffs as commissaries, each of his own shire. 



In regard to Scotland it was, previously to 

 1804, optional to register wills ; but by a statute 

 of that year the registration of them in the Com- 

 missary Court Books was made requisite if they 

 relate to personal property exceeding the value 

 of 20Z. ; and now that succession duty has been 

 imposed on real property, such registration is 

 necessary in every case. 



On the subject generally there is a valuable 

 work, applicable to both countries, published in 

 1836,^ Treatise on the Law of Personal Succes- 

 sion in the different Parts of the Realm, by the late 

 Mr. D. Robertson, of the firm of Spottiswoode and 

 Robertson, long eminent Scotch solicitors in Lon- 

 don. G. 

 Edinburgh. 



PavemexNT (2"<» S. x. 147.) -It is, I think, clear 

 that " pavement " should be taken to represent 

 the generic name of both foot and roadway. 

 Streets were paved long before flagstones or 

 " trottoirs " were heard of ; and many of the paved 

 streets of Europe are to this day destitute of ac- 

 commodation for foot-passengers. In one of 

 Pigault-le-Brun's novels (written long before the 

 time of " trottoirs "), the hero, after summing up 

 the earnings of his father, a common soldier, goes 

 on to say : " Le Pave en valait autant a ma mere," 

 she being a nymph thereof. In Paul's Letters to 

 his Kinsfolk, Sir Walter Scott relates a charac- 

 teristic anecdote of a lady who objected to the 

 new-fangled innovation of foot- pavements, which, 

 with many other English fashions, began to gain 

 ground in the French capital after our occupation 

 of Paris in 1815 : " Quant a moi. Monsieur," said 

 the conservative dame, "j'aime la totalite du 

 Pave " — the whole of the pavement ; i. e. without 

 the flagged margin. George Augustus Sala. 



Farrendine (2'"* S. X. 170.) — Mr. Wright, in 

 his Dictionary of Ohsolete and Provincial English, 



