2°'» S. X. Oct. 27. '60.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



335 



Promptorium was compiled, the use of hops was 

 not altogether unknown.* Mr. Albert Way sup- 

 poses that at that time hopped beer was either im- 

 ported from abroad or brewed by foreigners. 

 And this supposition is certainly supported by the 

 Promptorium, where we read : — 



" HoppE, sede for beyre. Hummulus, secundum e.r- 

 traneos" 



Unhopped ale, having no bitter principle, would 

 easily run into acetous fermentation. And this is 

 the reason why, in old family receipt-books, we 

 find that our great-grandmothers were in the 

 habit of using alegar, where by the cooks of the 

 present day vinegar is employed. P. S. Caret. 



Ale, the favourite drink of our Saxon fore- 

 fathers, has been described as a thick, sweet, 7/k- 

 hopped liquor, and as sucli distinguished from 

 our modern hopped " beer." Professor Johnston 

 quotes from Gerard as follows : " The manifold 

 virtues in hops do manifestly argue the whole- 

 someness oiheer above ale;" and conjectures that 

 the origin of this distinction may be due to the 

 use of the word beer in the Low Countries, from 

 which hops were introduced. It would appear, 

 however, that beer was known in this country, 

 and specified as such, before the use of hops ; 

 which were not imported till 1524, though other 

 bitters had supplied their place. 



The designations under which the various quali- 

 ties of malt liquors are usually described, must be 

 determined by the relative strength of their con- 

 stituents ; a bushel of malt, for instance, which 

 would make 12 gallons of ale, would produce 24 

 gallons of heer — the proportion of alcohol con- 

 tained in the different samples varying considera- 

 bly, according to the quality of liquor required : 

 small beer is calculated to contain from one to 

 two per cent. ; ale, from four to nine per cent, of 

 alcohol. Consult Jolly's Rural Chemistry. 



F. PHrLtOTT. 



Codex Sinaiticus (2"^ S. ix. 274. 329. ; x. 314.) 

 •—It is a great mistake on the part of the corre- 

 spondent of the Daily Telegraph to state that the 

 first volume has just been published. He proba- 

 bly referred to the volume of Notitia: for the large 

 edition, which is to be printed in 5 or 6 vols, folio, 

 will not be ready for years, and will never be pub- 

 lished, but printed for the Emperor of Russia, 

 who proposes to present copies to all the principal 

 libraries of Europe. S. W. 



Blackstone's Portrait (2""^ S. x. 190.) — I 

 am surprised that none of your Oxonian corre- 

 spondents have sent you an answer to this Query, 

 Mr. Justice Blackstone having been so renowned 



[* See « N. & Q.,» 2nd S. ii. passim. — Eo.] 



a member of their University, and having delivered 

 there the famous lectures, upon which he founded 

 those Commentaries on the Laws of England 

 which are placed in the hands of every legal 

 student. To those Commentaries the inscriptions 

 on the medals evidently refer, and to the Univer- 

 sity which gave them birth. " llhedycina" is the 

 Latinised form of the ancient British name for 

 Oxford. Your correspondent S. S. will find that 

 all Welsh editions of the Bible and Prayer-book 

 have the imprint " Rhidychen ; " a word which 

 signifies in the Celtic language " a ford of oxen," 

 or Oxenford, as in old charters, &c. it is called. 



The arms of the bishoprick illustrate this signi- 

 fication, representing an ox wading through the 

 water. I must leave to some Oxford man to ex- 

 plain the meaning of the letters S. C. in the exer- 

 gue. M. E. F. 



Trinity Corporation (2"^ S. ix. 163.) — Some 

 of the entries in Pepys's Diary, respecting this 

 corporate body, m.^y be consulted with advantage 

 by Mr. A. J. Don kin. Among others, under 2nd 

 Jan. 1660-1, Pepys says : — 



" This day I left Sir W. Batten and Captain Rider my 

 chine of beef for to serve to-morrow at Trinity House, 

 the Duke of Albemarle being to be there, and all the rest 

 of the Brethren, it being a great day for the reading over 

 of their new Charter, which the King hath newly given 

 them." 



I remember, in turning over Pepys's manu- 

 scripts at the Bodleian library, having met with a 

 " Copy of the New Charter granted to Trinity 

 House." It will be found in Rawlinson, A. 185. 

 fol. 74. See also two articles on Trinity House in 

 Gent. Mag. Ixiii. 780. ; Ixvii. 514. J. Yeowell. 



Campbell of Monzie (2"* S. ix. 326. ; x. 193.) 

 — The descent of the Campbells of Monzie, or 

 Laginsheoch, from a younger son of the first ba- 

 ronet of Glenorchy, is undoubted. Archibald, the 

 first of the branch, was father of Duncan, who 

 married Miss Murray, and was grandfather of 

 Lord Monzie. Archibald had also a son Robert, 

 minister at Mulbain, whose son. Col. Alexander 

 Campbell of Final, greatly distinguished himself 

 in the disastrous expedition to Darien {vid. Nisbet's 

 Heraldry, i. 196.) Although Mrs. Menzies, who 

 was served in 1764 heir to her cousin Capt. James 

 Campbell of Monzie, inherited the estate of Loch- 

 lam*, it does not appear that she succeeded to that 

 of Monzie ; as, soon after, we meet with Mungo 

 Campbell of Monzie, whose Avife, a daughter of 

 Stewart of Urrard, died in 1771, cetat. eighty; and 

 of Capt. Robert Campbell, younger, of Monzie, 

 who died unmarried in 1773. Thereafter, James 

 Campbeir of Monzie married, in 1777, Miss 

 Grteme of Inchbrakie, and died same year. Can 

 Mr. Galloway, or any correspondent, explain 



* Now in the possession of her descendant Lord Aber- 

 cromby. 



