2:>a S. X. Nov. 10. '60.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



371 



The miners from their caverns reechoed the song with a 

 variation : — 



" Then twenty thousand under ground 

 "^ill know • The Reason Why.' " 



"William Lloyd of St. Asaph and Sir Jonathan Trelawney 

 were the only two of the seven bishops James sent to the 

 Tower who succumbed to the Prince of Orange, " com- 

 monly called," says Tom Hearne, " William the Third."] 



James Bradley, D.D. — I have an engraving 

 in oval of a divine of the last century, " James 

 Bradley, B.D.," inscribed " T. Hudson, pinx., J. 

 Tookey, sculp." Can anyone give me any parti- 

 culars of this Dr. Bradley ? Cuthbekt Bede 



[This is the portrait of Dr. James Bradley, Savilian 

 Professor of Astronomy at Oxford, born in 1692, and died 

 13th Jul}', 1762. See any Biographical Dictionary for 

 an account of him. There are four paintings of him : one 

 by Hudson, in the picture gallery at Oxford, which was 

 given to the University by his daughter in 1769; a 

 second, probably by the same artist, at Shirburn Castle ; 

 a third, painted fcy Richardson, for his mother, which 

 was given by the Rev. J. Dallaway to the Royal Society : 

 all these three were taken when he was in middle life. 

 A fourth, dra\vn at a more advanced age, had been re- 

 served for Mrs. Peach, his daughter, and after her death 

 was given b_v her executor, Samuel Lysons, Esq., to the 

 Royal Society for the Observatory at Greenwich. The 

 Rev. Dan. Lysons had also a neatly finished miniature of 

 him, drawn in Indian ink, by Ferguson. The Oxford 

 portrait was engraved by Faber. Vide Memoirs of Dr. 

 Bradley in his Miscellaneous Works, 4to. 1832, p. civ.] 



" Deal Crabs." — Many thanks for the infor- 

 mation about " dilly wreck " (aiite, p. 250.). On 

 the east coast of Kent, where I picked up this 

 expression, I also heard the people of the neigh- 

 bouring town of Deal called "Deal Crabs." Some 

 years ago, in a gale of wind, I had the satisfaction 

 of seeing the Deal-men launch from the open 

 beach one of those marvellous boats of their's, a 

 " Deal lugger," for the purpose of carrying off an 

 anchor to a ship that had parted her cable ; and 

 certainly the men who could do that merited some 

 more complimentary appellation. It was a real 

 feat, both of pluck and of dexterity. Why, then, 

 should they be called "Crabs?" Could it be 

 from their readiness in taking to the water ? 



T. C. K. 



[We should have thought that this title had disap- 

 peared ere now. But certain it is that the population of 

 various towns on the east coast of Kent, as Deal, Rams- 

 gate, Dover, and Sandwich, did formerly interchange 

 appellations which were far from complimentary'. They 

 were respectively, in the nomenclature of their neigh- 

 bours, " Deal Crabs," " Ramsgate Skinflints," " Dover 

 Sharks," and " Sandwich Carrots." A word of expla- 

 nation for each. 



Crabs, called "pungers" on the spot, were generally 

 for sale in abundance at Deal, and cheap. Persons now 

 living may remember the time when a " halfpenny 

 punger" was commonly bought as a juvenile treat. 

 (Punger unde derivatur?) From the large supply of 

 this popular luxury probably originated the appellation 

 of " Deal Crabs." 



The " Ramsgateers," we think, can hardly have acquired 

 the name of " Skinflints " from the imputation of any ex- 



traordinary cupidity in their dealings with visitors, as 

 'compared with the trading and lodging-letting com- 

 munity of other watering-places. The fact is, their cliffs 

 yield an abundant supply of flintstones, which are care- 

 fully collected, and employed for various purposes : — quite 

 a sufficient pretence for calling the inhabitants "Ramsgate 

 Skinflints." 



The Dover people were injuriously called " Sharks," in 

 allusion to their alleged exactions on travellers to and 

 from France. We doubt not this complaint, if it has not 

 wholly ceased, has by this time very much moderated. 

 Years have elapsed since we last heard anything of 

 "Dover Sharks." 



The " Sandufichers," being favoured with a suitable 

 soil which the\' know how to turn to good account, grow 

 remarkably fine vegetables, carrots included. The title 

 of " Sandwich Carrots," however, is partly due to another 

 circumstance, recorded in the form of a local legend 

 which probably, though quaint and half- forgotten, is 

 about as veracious as much that we agree to call history. 

 Once, in times gone by, an armed expedition came over 

 from France, and laid siege to the ancient town of Sand- 

 wich. One of the " Free Barons," observing that a gate 

 was unclosed, shut it with all speed, and availed himself 

 in his hurry of a large Sandwich carrot as a bolt. But, 

 alas, a pig passing that way ate the carrot, and the 

 French got in ! ] 



Oliver Cromwell's Schoolmaster. — Thomas 

 Beard, Puritan minister at Huntingdon, is stated 

 to have been schoolmaster to Oliver Cromwell. 

 There is an engraved likeness of him, with the date 

 1631; but where shall I find any account of him ? 



CUTHBERT BeDE. 



[Thomas Beard is best known from his work The 

 Theatre of God's Judgment, 4to. 1597, 1631, in which he 

 gives an account of the death of Christopher Marlow the 

 poet. He appears to have been educated at Cambridge, 

 as there is a Latin comedyof his, printed in 1631, entitled 

 Pedantius, said to have been acted at Trinity College, 

 Cambridge. To this publication his portrait is prefixed. 

 He was for many years a schoolmaster at Huntingdon, 

 where he had Oliver Cromwell for a pupil. In the Cotton 

 MSi Julius C. iii. is an original letter from Dr. Beard, ad- 

 dressed to Sir Robert Cotton, dated Mar. 25, 1614, in 

 which he solicits from him the rectory of Comington, 

 being tired, as he says, of the painful occupation of teach- 

 ing. Mr. Collier conjectures that he is the T. B. who 

 translated into English the French Academy of Petre de 

 la Primanudave. — Rose's Biog. Dictionary.^ 



Bubble and Squeak. — I presume most people 

 have seen or heard of this dish, composed of beef 

 and cabbage. How did it come to be called by 

 this name ? G. 



[An elderly quizzing gentleman inquired of his cook 

 why fried beef and cabbage were' called " bubble and 

 squeak," and was informed that the dish so called ought 

 to be made of boiled beef and cabbage _/"nW, and that it 

 acquired its name from the ingredients in the first in- 

 stance bubbling in the pot, and afterwards squeaking in the 

 pan : — 



" When 'midst the frying-pan in accents savage. 

 The beef, so surly, quarrels with the cabbage."] 



" A New Covering to the Velvet Cushion." 

 — Who was the author of the above work, which 

 appears to be a weak imitation, a presumptuous 

 continuation, and a would-be refutation of some 



