2n<> S. X. Nov. 24. '60.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



417 



tardus. Slmili compositum est bankart (nothus)," 

 which he derives from ^^bank, torum,«r/, vitio affec- 

 tum ejus rei cui annectitur." But in O. Fr. bast 

 is a " bastard," and I am inclined to think that 

 this word is merely another orthography of bas, 

 which may have been used in the same sense ; and 

 that bastard is from bas-a^t or bast-art, i. e. " of a 

 low or base nature;" which agrees with Leibnitz. 

 The O. G. bos is " mains " " et malum," and bast, 

 "vinculum," which like band comes from binden, to 

 bind. The literal meaning of the O. Gr. art is genus, 

 indoles {gute art, bona indoles, bose art, mala in- 

 doles ; . es hat keine art, non decet, artig, decens, 

 unartig, indecens, (Cf.Wachter.) But art is, as 

 Wachter observes, frequently used in a vitupera- 

 tive sense, as dronkart, bankart, bastard, didlard, 

 guiscard, cornard, louschard, babillard, &c. Art, 

 ard, ert, would seem sometimes to denote " inha- 

 bitant of" and "like unto," and, from the numerous 

 surnames in which they are found as a final, they 

 may in some cases possibly be used in a diminutive 

 sense. There are, however, many European names 

 where art, ard, and arth are from O. G. hart, fortis, 

 valde ; as Cunard or Hunnard, " very strong " or 

 "powerful in lineage;" Erard or Ehrhart, "strong 

 in honor ; " Gerrard, " strong in war ; " Goddard, 

 "strong in G^d;" Hogarth, "very thoughtful, 

 careful, or prudent;" Leonard, "strong as a lion ;" 

 Lepard, Leopard, or Liubhart, " powerful in affec- 

 tion ; " Maynard, " very mighty ; " Reichart or 

 Richard, " very powerful or rich." 



R. S. Charnock. 



Pegvidential Escapes (2°^ S. x. 265.) — Col- 

 lections of these have already been made. Mr. 

 Williams may be referred to : — 



" A Complete History of the most remarkable Provi- 

 dences, both of Judgment and Mercy, which have ap- 

 peared in the Present Age ; to which is added whatever 

 is curious in the Works of Nature and Art. By W. 

 Turner, folio, 1697." 



" Remarkable Providences ; or the Mercies of God 

 exemplified in many extraordinary instances of Men, 

 Women, and Children being almost miraculously pre- 

 served from Premature Death. Collected and arranged 

 from various Sources, by Joseph Taylor. 12mo. London, 

 Hatchards, 1821." 



Reference may also be made to the " Treatise 

 on Providence " by Flavel. See Works, 6 vols. 

 8vo. 1820. William Bates. 



EdgbastOD. 



Herbert Knowles (2°^ S. ix. 94.) — If your 

 correspondent H. E. Wilkinson will give me his 

 address I will, on my next visit to London, show 

 him several poems of Herbert Knowles. 



T. Wilson. 



Crimbles House, Leeds. 



Battle of the Boyne (2""* S. x. 326.)— Your 

 correspondent must be in search of the Journal 

 of the Very Rev. Rowland Davies, LL.D., Dean 

 of Ross, from March 8, 1689, to Sept. 29, 1690, 



edited by Richard Caulfield, B. A., for the Camden 

 Society, and given as one of its publications for 

 the year 1856. In 1695, as stated in Bp. Downes' 

 MS. Tour through Cork and Ross (see 2""* S. ix. 

 45.), the county of Cork made its acknowledg- 

 ments to the Dean of Ross for his great services 

 against the Tories. Abhba. 



Early Italian Versions of the Bible (2"* 

 S. X. 306.) — The Italian version by Malermi, 

 " Venecia, mcccclxxi., in kalendo de August© 

 (per Vindelino de Spira), is described by Brunei 

 (^Manuel), and by De Bure, in his Bibliogr. In- 

 structive, No. 68. Brunet says there is a copy in 

 Lord Spencer's library, described by Dibdin in 

 ^des Althorp, ii. No. 1047. 



There appear to have been several editions of 

 this version, some of which are described by Bru- 

 net. One, dated mcccclxxxi., is described in the 

 Bibliotheca jSmithiana ; and is, therefore, proba- 

 bly in Geo. III.'s Library at the British Museum. 



But there was another Italian version of the 

 Bible, published also in 1471, "in kalendo de 

 Octobrio." 



De Bure, in describing Malermi's version, 

 speaks of this edition, which, however, he admits 

 he had not seen, calling it a second edition of 

 Malermi ; but Brunet says it is " da incerto au- 

 tore," adding, " cette traduction difFere beaucoup 

 de la precedente, surtout dans I'ancien testament ; 

 ce qui fait conjecturer quelle est d'un autre que 

 Malermi." 'A copy of this appears also to be in 

 Lord Spencer's library. There was a copy in 

 Smith's library. This version does not appear to 

 have been ever reprinted. 



In De Bure's Catalogue de la Valliere, No. 69., 

 is a " superbe exemplaire imprime sur velin " of 

 this version ; probably that which afterwards came 

 into the possession of Earl Spencer. The Duke 

 de la Valliere also possessed copies of three edi- 

 tions of Malermi's Bible, a.d. 1477 and 1487 ; and 

 a quarto edition, no date. 



There were other early versions of the Bible in 

 Italian, viz. by Bruccioli, Venice, 1538 (Cat. de la 

 Valliere, No. 93.), several times reprinted ; and 

 one by Marmochino, 1538, which Le Long says, 

 although professing to be a new version, was in 

 fact taken (with alterations) from Bruccioli. This 

 version contains the apocryphal Third Book of 

 the Macchabees. (See Biblioth. Smithiana.^ 



Mr. Irvine assumes that these printed ver- 

 sions had the "approbation of the Inquisition," 

 but on what ground I am at a loss to imagine. 



- R. J. R. 



I have before me what I believe to be the 

 latest edition of Malermi's translation from the 

 Vulgate. The title is as follows : — 



" Biblia Volgare : laquale contiene in se tutti i libri del 

 Vecchio e Nuovo Testamento : con li Summarij di tutti 



li Capitoli, e con due Tavole Nuovamente 



riscontrata con la latina autentica, con licentia della S. 



