INDEX 
489 
N 
Natural selection with changed 
and unchanged conditions, 
103 
and sterility, 173 
overpowers effects of use and 
disuse, 435 
the most important agency in 
modifying species, 444 
Naturalist deceived by a mimicking 
insect, 259 
by mimicking birds, 264 
Naudin, M., on varieties of melons, 
87 
Nectarinea amethystina, protective 
colouring of, 201 
Nestor notabilis, variation of habits 
of, 75 
Nests of birds influence the colour of 
females, 278 
New species, conditions favourable to 
origin of, 115 
Newton, Professor A., on fertile hybrid 
ducks, 162 
New Zealand, European plants in, 15 
spread of white clover in, 28 
effects of introduced plants in, 
29 
native rat and fly exterminated 
by European species, 34 
many plants of, incapable of 
self-fertilisation, 321 
fauna of, 348 
few spiny plants in, 433 
Nocturnal animals, colours of, 193 
Non-adaptive characters, instability 
of, 138 
Normandy pigs, fleshy appendages to 
jaws of, 139 
North America, Miocene fossils of, 378 
Northern plants in southern hemi¬ 
sphere, 368 
Nostus Borbonicus, variability of, 80 
Number of individuals which vary, 62 
Nutmeg, how dispersed, 307 
Nuts, not meant to be eaten, 305 
O 
Oaks, great variability of, 78 
Objections to Darwin’s theory, 126 
Ocean floor, deposits on, 343 
Oceanic animals, colours of, 193 
and continental areas, 346 
islands have no mammals or 
batracliia, 342 
Oceans, the permanence of, 341 
CEdicnemus, figures of wings of, 223 
Opthalmis lineea and Artaxa simulans 
(figs.), 247 
Orang-utans, variations of skull of, 
69 
Orchidese, why scarce on oceanic 
islands, 367 
Orchis pyramidalis, mode of fertilisa¬ 
tion of, 314 
figures illustrating fertilisation 
of, 315 
Organic development, three stages of, 
involving new cause or power, 
474 
world, the development of, im¬ 
plies a spiritual world, 476 
Organisation, advance of, by natural 
selection, 120 
degradation in, 121 
Origin of species, objections, 7 
of accessory plumes, 291 
Orioles mimicking honeysuckers, 263 
Ornamental plumes and vitality, 293 
P 
Pachyrhyxchi subjects of mimicry, 
261 
Pampas, effects of drought in, 23 
Papaver bracteatum, variability of, 
79 
Papilio, use of forked tentacle of larvae 
of, 210 
protected groups of, 235 
mimicry of, 247 
Paraguay, absence of wild cattle and 
horses, 19 
Parhassia palustris, sham nectaries 
of, 317 
Parrot, change of habits of New 
Zealand, 75 
Parus, species of, illustrate divergence, 
of character, 107 
Passenger - pigeon, account of its 
breeding-places and numbers, 
31 
