On the Structure of Ice. 335 



of the old Pharaohs, and in rocky folds of Lebanon still 

 untouched by the tool. So long as ocean exists, there must 

 be disintegration, dilapidation, change ; and should the time 

 ever arrive when the elevatory agencies, motionless and chill, 

 shall sleep within their profound depths, to awaken no more, 

 and should the sea still continue to impel its currents and 

 to roll its waves, every continent and island would at length 

 disappear, and again, as of old, ' when the fountains of the 

 great deep were broken up,' 



' A shoreless ocean tumble round the globe.' 



" Was it with reference to this principle so recently recog- 

 nised, that we are so expressly told in the Apocalypse re- 

 specting the renovated earth, in which the state of things 

 shall be fixed and eternal, ' that there shall be no more seaj'< 

 or are we to regard the revelation as the mere hieroglyphic, 

 the pictured shape, of some analogous moral truth \ ' Rea- 

 soning from what we know^'— and what else remains to us ? 

 — an earth without a sea would be an earth without rain, 

 without vegetation, without life, a dead and doleful planet of 

 waste places, such as the telescope reveals to us in the moon. 

 And yet the ocean does seem peculiarly a creature of time, — 

 of all the great agents of vicissitude and change, the most 

 influential and untiring ; and to a state in which there shall 

 be no vicissitude and no change, — in which the earthquakes 

 shall not heave from beneath, nor the mountains wear down 

 and the continents melt away — it seems inevitably necessary 

 that there should be * no more sea.' 



" But, carried away by the speculation, I lag in my geolo- 

 gical survey." ,, , 



So writes a remarkable man, the eloquent Hugh Milleb, 

 in his " First Impressions of England and its Peopled 



1. On the Structure of Ice. 2. Fapid Evaporation of Sndkt 

 and Ice. 3. Dryness of Arctic Ait. 



\ . Structure of Ice. 

 With regard to the progress of the seasons, the *' Indian 

 summer," as it is called, brought us three weeks of fine 

 weather after our arrival in September. The centre of Bear 



